A critical analysis of rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation: clinical, cellular and molecular aspects, current challenges, and novel concepts
The high immunogenicity of the skin and, to a lesser extent vasculature, necessitate the utilization of multi-immunosuppressive drug regimens in order to prevent skin rejection and graft failure. Immunohistochemically, the infiltrate in acute skin rejection is comprised predominantly of CD3 + T-cells spreading with progression of rejection from the perivascular space to the dermis and β