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Psychology – chapter 9

discriminationability to respond differently to different stimuliextinctionwhen a conditioned response no longer occurs ONPSYCHOLOGY – CHAPTER 9 SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder Nowlearningchanges in behavioral tendencies that result from experienceneutral stimulusbecomes a conditioned stimulus after training – we try to condition a response to thisunconditioned stimulusan event that leads to a predictable response – occurs naturallysecondary reinforcermoney that people earn from their job~ after primary needspositive reinforcerreinforcement for desirable behaviorcognitive mapmental picture of a placetoken economyprogram that gives points for desirable behavior exp. good gradesmodelingwhen one person copies another’s behaviorsself-control programbehavior modification system in which individuals set up their own rewards and punishments to change a behaviorconditioned stimuluscreates a conditioned responseunconditioned responseoccurs naturally and predictably without trainingconditioned responsehappens after conditioning when the conditioned stimuli is presented – a neutral event that leads to a specific response after traininggeneralizationresponding to a second stimulus that is similar to a conditioned stimulus without additional trainingspontanious recoverySudden reappearance of the conditioned response after time lapsenegative reinforcementunplesant consequences given to a behavior you wish to changeprimary reinforcementdeals with basic needs – biological needs (hunger, thirst, ect.)fixed interval reinforcementspecific amount of time lapsingvariable interval reinforcementrandom amount of time lapsingfixed ratio reinforcementfixed number of responses before reinforcementvariable ratio reinforcementrandom number of responses before reinforcementaversive controlthe process where unpleasant stimuli influence behavioravoidance conditioningthe process that trains a person to leave a situation before it becomes unpleasantescape conditioningthe process that trains a person to remove or end an unpleasant stimuluslearned helplessnessbehavior demonstrated by giving up or refusing to try because of a belief that the situation is beyond the person’s controlresponse chainskill or behavior is learned one step at a time in a specific sequenceshapingan operant conditioning technique that influences behavior by rewareding any act similar to the behavior and then requiring closer approximations to continue to receive the rewardtoken economysocial learning technique used to change behavior by rewarding appropriate behavior with some type of object that can be exchanged for rewardsclassical conditioningtyper of learning in which an old response attaches to a new stimulusshapinguses reinforcement to create new responses out of old responsesreinforcementa stimulus or eent that affects the likelihold that a behavior will be repeatedaversive controltype of learning results from unpleasant consequencesresponse chainresponses that occur in a sequenceoperant conditioninglearning from the consequences of behavior – study of how voluntary behavior is affected by it’s consequences/ reinforcementcontinuous sheduleeach time behavior occurs reinforcement is givenpartial schedulescreate long lasting behaviorslatent learinglearning that occurs in the absence of a reinforcermodelinglearning that results from observations and imitationssocial learningCognitive learning and modelingcognitive learningFocuses on how info is obtained, processed, and organizedbehavior modificationlearning principles applied systematically to change people’s actions and feelingsstabilitybelief that it’s a permanent charecteristicglobalitybelief it’s not specific but generalinternalitybelief the problem is from withinimitations and observations work together in… modelingclassical conditioning, operant learning, social learning are involved in… behavior modificationbehavior contractonly giving yourself the reinforcement when doing the good deed

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