networklinks things together
communication networklinks devices so that data and information can be shared among them
PANPersonal Area Network – connects smart devices or consumer electronics within a range of about 30 feet
LANLocal Area Network – data communication networks that connect personal computers within a very limited geographical area
WANWide Area Network – covers a large geographical area and usually consist of several smaller networks that connect different computers on a variety of platforms.
communication channelthe medium used to transport information from one network device to another
wired channelstransport data through wires and cables
wireless channelstransport data from one device to another without the use of cables or wires
RF signalsRadio waves – typically used for bluetooth devices
microwavesanother option for transporting data wirelessly, but can be aimed in a single direction
bandwidthis the transmission capacity of a communication channel
topologyrefers to the structure and layout of network components such as computers, connecting cables, and wireless signal paths Example: Point to Point, Star, Mesh, and Bus
nodeany device on a network
DTEData Terminal Equipment – any device on a network
routera device that controls the flow of data within a network
modemcontains circuitry that converts the data-carrying signals from a digital device to signals that can travel over other communication channels
communication protocola set of rules for efficiently transmitting data from one network node to another
handshaking2 devices on a network negotiating their communication protocols
protocol stacknetworks that use more one set protocols
ARPANETcreated in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, the Stanford Research Institute, the University of Utah and the University of California at Santa Barbara
internet governancea set of shared protocols, procedures, and technologies that evolve through common agreement among network providers
ICANNthe organization that supervises Internet addressing
Internet infrastructurethe way networks fit together
Tier 1 NetworksSuch as At&t, CenturyLink, and Verizon who own and maintain millions of dollars data communication equipment
Tier 2 NetworksSuch as Comcast and Merit, pay a fee to connect to Tier 1 networks
Tier 3 NetworksSuch as Midwest Cellular, Business Networks, Home Networks, and Education Institutions – end user who pays fees for connection services
packetis a parcel of data that is sent across a computer network
circuit switchingestablishes a dedicated private link between one telephone and another for the duration of the call
packet switchingdivides a message into several packets that can be routed independently to their destination.
IPv4Internet Protocol version 4 – uses 32 bit addresses
IPv6Internet Protocol version 6 – uses 128 bits for each addresses
IP Addressis an identifiable name for a specific computer on a network often pronounced TCPIP
static IP AddressDevices who have a permanently assigned IP address
dynamic IP addressesare temporarily assigned IP address, for when the device is turned ” on”.
domain nameeasy to remember name for the IP address like nike. com
domain name systemthe mechanism for tracking domain names
domain name serversservers that are scattered around the world that maintain lists of all domain names
connection speedthe amount of data that can be transmitted in a specified time
latencyis the elapsed time for data to make a round-trip from point A to point B
pingis a utility software designed to measure responsiveness
ping rateindicates how quickly data can reach a server and bounce back to you.
ethernetis a wired network technology deployed in 1976
Wi-Fia set of wireless networking technologies (designs consist of a mesh design or star configuration)
wireless encryptionscrambles the data transmitted between wireless devices and then unscrambles the data on devices that have the encryption key
Guest networkessentially a second network that you can configure on your LAN’s router
file sharingallows files to be accessed from computer other than the one on which they are stored
network discoveryis a setting that affects whether your computer can see other devices
permissionsspecify how shared files can be used
FTPfile transfer protocol
BitTorrentis a file sharing protocol that distributes the role of a file serve across a collection of dispersed computers
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