The risks of artificial intelligence influence on society

In recent years, an increased use of technology has emerged in various areas to facilitate social infrastructures and promote human development; Especially Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significant effects on much traditional technology in modern life, changing our conventional living environment in order to decrease personal cost and to raise working efficiency, such as fewer mistakes in medical treatments and diagnosing of patients. Furthermore, many companies are currently pushing AI into various different industries, from healthcare to consulting. Advanced AI technical products are also used to contribute to the athletic sports industry.

As the application domains extend widely and grow rapidly, AI is deeply used in many areas and permeates almost every facet of our lives. It is likely that we have to face the AI technological processs. In addition, society is markedly changing due to the rapid development of the AI environment and accompanied by the challenges that have never been possible before. Since AI integrated products cover a wide range and impact human production and life diffusely, the related shift has a certain effect on traditional industries. In addition, with the purpose of developing AI applications, it will be decided to integrate AI in various fields. Therefore, under the unknown condition, the risks of AI technology are obviously gradually appearing in human society

Regarding the great usage and extensive attention of AI, the existing AI applications are devoted to various aspects of the modern world. To showcase the risks of Artificial Intelligence on society, at first, the article will provide the essential background of Artificial Intelligence to explain the origin of AI and the social fluency of AI. Besides the definition and widespread utilization, the related risks are presented in the following paragraphs, namely the Economics Risks, Ethical Risks and Security Risks of AI.

Essential background of Artificial Intelligence

Russell & Norvig (2016) stated that “ Artificial intelligence is one of the newest disciplines. It was formally initiated in 1956 when the name was coined, although at that point work had been underway for about five years.”

Artificial intelligence (AI) is commonly defined as a machine intelligent technical, which is devoted to creating computing machine and systems. In addition, it is also defined as “ intelligent agents” in the field of computer, because it is able to recognize the situation clearly and accomplishes tasks efficiently. In 2016, a great explosion of artificial intelligence was noticed all over the world when Google AlphaGo won over 18-time worldwide Go champion Lee Sedol, and all countries started focusing on the technology of artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) actually consists of various computer science technologies which managed to deal with assignments as people do, where the process should be changed or integrated with the original components in order to precisely efficiently attain the higher-quality achievements.

AI is expected to involve various functionalities, such as educational learning, specific profound knowledge understanding, interaction, cooperative communication with people or other machines. Russell & Norvig (2016) stated that “ AI is organized into four categories: Systems that think like humans; Systems that think rationally; Systems that act like humans; Systems that act rationally.” From these categories, advanced approaches around humans are developed by AI, which is the innovation for the contemporary human. It is created to build a close relationship between science and society, and it is believed that there is going to be had more specialized AI software in the future, in which the advanced machines are expected to overreach normal individual capability.

The Economic Risks of Artificial Intelligence

Although there are smany successful AI production or science and outstandingly growing impact on economic, people disagree that the negative economic influence of AI productions. Because companies decide to upgrade AI applications, it is easier to show the outcomes. It changed the marketing running rules, and for the laggards and the slower employees, they should fall behind, even be weeded out. This situation triggers job-displacement risks, such as unemployment and enterprise bankruptcy. It is likely that employees will be replaced due to the AI advances. The automation is designed to use fewer people to perform more tasks. In the meanwhile, it leads to less tax income after the AI transition in companies. Because the working places and the available job number are reduced, tax income policy system will be changed, and then facilities will be decreased. For instance, as production quantities increased, the AI formed marketing resource should be waste. For example, in 2013, exporters reported that the jobs in the USA would be replaced by 47% to achieve the automation goals. But for some fields, the level of AI skills is not thoroughly able to replace human, such as social experience and intelligence (Consultation), creativity (fashion design) and flexible object operation (doctor’ surgery). All AI companies are trying to attract people’s time and attention, and the purpose of this business operation, of course, is going to satisfy people’s consumption needs, so as to promote economic development.

However, communication and estimation ability are especially born from human beings, and this function could not be substituted by AI physically.

The Ethical Risks of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) causes the risk of responsibility and ethical controversy. Accompanied by AI development, the increased use of big data triggers the possibility of stealing personal information. Since AI is software which restores the information in the hardware, this information can be easily copied or used. People make the appropriate decision by morality, and then create a method of how to process this decision based on the habit of personal responsibility. With the bias of the rapid outcome by AI, people feel unfair to be compared with AI products. Accordingly, it is noticed that people have to consider AI harm to the society above the individual quality, and also the personal privacy.

Although AI processers work more rapidly than human, in some area they cannot be considered and trusted fairly when the robots face the case of racism. Because racism is not biologically based on the nature of a body, the cues are not transferred and signed by physical rules or objective measures, such as DNA. For instance, Tay was the racist twitter chatting robot developed by Microsoft, which was designed as a 19-year-old American girl to communicate with teenager users. Surprisingly it was taught to speak the words and answer the questions with racial prejudice and Nazi propaganda only after its rollout in 24 hours. It is obvious that Tay is instilled into the wide-ranging moral views, then it is unexpectedly presented to the public with the ethnic bias.

The Security Risks of Artificial Intelligence

The extensive technical integration of Artificial Intelligence raise new security risks like hacking information, and even autonomous weaponry which could harmfully influence the world’s peace. The regulation of AI is significant for global safety, and it is essential to the personal information security. For instance, hackers could attack the system by skipping the AI arithmetic to steal information. And hackers could also access automated warning systems, in order to turn off alert and commit computer crimes. Moreover, it could also be possible to instill the security systems of banks and government through breakout gaps, in this way to threaten the global population.

In recent years, more and more unmanned combat systems have been put into the battlefield, such as an unmanned combat air vehicle or fly in the water. These unmanned systems are commonly known as robots, the war involving such unmanned platforms is called robot warfare. As we exclaim AI technology development, we have to worry about a robot war against the human in future. In fact, in the real war, fighting robots have already entered the battlefield last year, when Russia used them in Syria. Human should tightly control AI weapons, the same as nuclear weapons. Many renowned scientists have warned of the urgent significance of AI, and appeals to the government enact an important policy. We are not able to speculate about the risks caused by AI system, but it is vital to strengthen the management of AI systems and dominate the usages of AI, while is close to our social safety environment.

Conclusion

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly commonly used in various technical fields or systems, but due to the extensive usage and uncontrollable development, it has obvious risks for society and world. At the same time, these risks have recently been discussed by scholars, including the economic risks, the ethical risks, and the security risks. The risks are originally based on the corresponding AI system of social activities, so-called robots. For the purpose of applications, it is noticed that AI triggers social shift and influence society. Artificial intelligence will increase intelligent productivity and solutions that can be brought high efficiency to society. Actually, AI has the benefit of high-qualities outcomes, but it will not be able to replace the jobs of some people. More and more industries and applications focus on AI system integration. Thus, AI technology impersonally exists; the employee has the physical ability to deal with works. Furthermore, AI processor in some area cannot be considered and trusted fairly which the robot obviously deals with a moral opinion. Many companies introduce AI products to the market, displaying the advanced technology and demonstrating market economic status. Issues in all possible aspects should be avoided, including politics, marketing researches. Normally, anyone’s work is related to these risks. Accompanying the unknown situation, an individual has to face and accept so-called advanced production with the inner risks. The government should emphatically settle AI development management. Because every field has a slight difference in how data or algorithm affect a system, it is also necessary to further assess the risks associated with environmental AI productions. Althaus (2015) states that “ The more progress is made in the field of AI technology, the more pressing a rational, far-sighted approach to the associated challenges becomes.” Due to political and legal progress generally fall behind contemporary technological development, it is critical to attach particular social responsibility to AI systematic techsnology. As a specific recommendation, it is significant to conclude by requesting artificial intelligence risk and opportunity, which are recognized global priorities in the world side.