The disorder and is diagnosed in children above

The human brainconsists of  about 90% of water. It isroughly categorised into 3 parts: Cerebrum, Cerebellum and brain stem1. Thebasic functions of these parts are to sense, control various activities such ascontrolling secretion and maintaining the entire body function.

Cerebrum, dealswith emotions, movement initiation, consciousness awareness of sensation. Cerebellum, deals with muscle movement and balance maintenance. Brain stem, controls heart regulation, respiration, and hormone secretion2. The brain ismost important part of the human body any kind of imbalance leads to variousdiseases which can be long term or short term duration, curable or non-curabledepending on its severity. Some of the diseases related to brain are: AutismSpectrum Disorder, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia,   cerebral palsy, etc.  Autism is aGreek word which means “ isolated self”, Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) is abrain disorder which is related to inability to understand emotions andgestures, social awkwardness, disconnected to people in surroundings, failureto read or write or speak fluently, repeatable behaviour6, etc.

, are thesymptoms of this disorder. This is usually a non-curable disorder and isdiagnosed in children above 1year old. It’s a disease related to cerebrum. It isrelated to “ Spectrum” of symptoms, level of severity, disability and skills. Itcan be considered as a disorder rather than a disease; its diagnosis isdifficult in today’s time which is encouraging researchers in SignalProcessing, Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence domain. This disorder isincreasing at an exponential rate. According to reports of April 2017, byCentre for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), 1 in every 68 child 3 isdetected with Autism with boys to girls ratio being 4.

5: 1 2. Figure 1 showsthe statistics of ASD patients of various years according to the surveyconducted by Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM). ASDsbegin in childhood and tend to persist into adolescence and adulthood. Whilesome people with ASD can live independently, others have severe disabilitiesand require life-long care and support.

Globally, access to services and support for people with ASD is inadequate. IT can becategorised into three types: Low functioning Autism (LFA) or mild autism, Medium functioning Autism (MFA) or moderate autism and High functioning Autism(HFA) or severe autism 1.