- Published: September 29, 2022
- Updated: September 29, 2022
- University / College: University of California, Irvine
- Language: English
- Downloads: 23
Kwok Tsz Ping8059306Chan Lai Yin8067262Chan Hiu Fung8006696Cheung Ting Kit8034772Leung Chun Wah8060238Content Page
Introduction
Globalization
History
Conflicts and Inequalities
Economic
WTO
Sweatshop
Political Globalization
Terrorism
North Korea (The Development of Korean Peninsula)
In here, we will talk about the North Korea (N. Korea). We may talk about the history of the Korean Peninsula, the development of ideologies, economic and political governance between the N. Korea and South Korea (S. Korea), to show how economic and political differences to form the inequalities and conflicts between the N . Korea and the universal value. And we will deduced the future of N. Korea, will she have globalized in the future?
(1) History of Korean Peninsula
Before 1907, it is a Jusun Dynasty, in-charged by the Lee (the emperors). After 1907, Lee Sung-man established Korea in whole part of Korean Peninsula, but being the colonial of Japan in 1910. The colonial state are affect the Korean culture until 1945, the World War II (WWII), the loser of Japan and fellow countries (Italy, Germany). After the WWII, the colonial state become the country state but divided by two parts, the northern part managed by the USSR[1]and running a socialist system and the southern part managed by the US and running capitalist system. And they formed in 1948 respectively. In 1950, the Korean War started by the N. Korea because the N. Korean (or the Propaganda Department said) thought this is the ” Imperialism” of the US may that the southern part to be one of the colonial of the US.[2]So the N. Korea military started attack the southern part, the time remain in 3 years until they signed a treaty to termination of the war. And they officially formed after 1953 and put the Military Demarcation Line in 38th parallel north (and that’s we called 38 line, 삼팔선).
(2) Ideology formed in Korean Peninsula
After 1953, two different styles to develop their own economy and politics, but their based are in two ideologies. In S. Korea, she influenced by the US and other western countries, to use the capitalism to develop her economy and influence her politics. In N. Korea, she influenced by the USSR, to use the socialism to develop. Two different kinds of ideology make the
(3) Economic Development in Korean Peninsula
After the Korean War, two countries have different style to develop their own economy: S. Korea has used market economy with ” miracle of the Han River[3]”; the N. Korea has used controlled economy with highly restricted policies. In S. Korea, the main economic development is in 1970’s, which is in the period of Park Jung-hee, he help a lot of conglomerate to become international corporations, like Samsung, LG, Hyundai. This policy makes S. Korea to become a developed countries, also have a term ” Miracle on the Han River” to describe the economic dramatically growth in S. Korea. This also makes S. Korea to become one of ” Four Asian Tigers” with Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore. In N. Korea, she mainly use the controlled economic to developed the country, at the same time, she need other support. Let’s talk about the controlled economy first, controlled economy is that to manage the people do not have too much things like cars. Also, the social welfare help many people, they can have free food, free clothes, sometimes may have napa cabbage and ” Gochujang, 고추장 (a kind of Korean hot pepper paste)” to make Kimchi[4]. When in some important days, like Kim Il-sung (N. Korea former president)’s birthday or Kim Jung-il (N. Korea former leader)’s birthday, it will have new clothes and some ” expensive” foods, like pork, chicken etc. In the controlled economy, it supposes no any selfish activities, like have private trading. This made the 1950-1970’s economy better than S. Korea, however, the demand of food or materials are much higher than to produce, some political context like the USSR collapsed, also have some unpredictable natural disasters, those kinds of factors to break down whole system, so that’s why the reason that have material crisis during 1990’s.
(4) Political Development in Korean Peninsula
We can see that after the WWII, the Korean Peninsula divided in two parts, and two main countries, the USSR and the US, were mainly representing the non-globalized and the globalized countries. So their governance styles are totally different. So we will try to focus on the different style in N. Korea and S. Korea, which means the non-globalized and globalized governance style. In S. Korea, after the Korean War, she influence by the western countries, especially the US, to form a democratic government, but the real election formed after 1978, the assassinate to the 5th to 9th president Park Jung-hee, the recent president Park Geun-hae’s father. The elections are choosing the president, legislative councilor, or other regional affairs, like the Mayors. But why we need to say the real election is after the Park’s death? Because after 1953, the president Lee Sung-man have an autocracy, Park’s government formed after he have a military coup in 19, but he same as Lee’s, he still have autocracy, but he started to have an economic reform, so that’s why the ” Miracle of Han River” to say that the Park’s government help S. Korea reborn, to be an international country. In N. Korea, she influenced by the USSR, the ideology being socialism, even communism, she purpose to have one party to controlled the country, just like the People Republic of China, and that party are formed by the former president Kim Il-sung, the Worker’s party Korea (WPK). And the party extends some other parties, but the right of control only in the WPK, so that they just the bloc parties. And the WPK owned the most, even all the rights of political and military. And Kim organized an ideology – ” Juche Idea(주체사상)”, to enlarge Kim’s power (Not only in Kim Il-sung, Kim Jung-il and Kim Jung-eun also have it).
(5) The inequalities in N. Korea during the globalization
In most of the international organization, we can see that the most controllable countries are from western, which is around Europe and North America. But in the Security Council, China[5]and Russia[6]are have right to objection to some against their interest. Even China
(6) The conflicts in N. Korea during the globalization
According to the news that released on 16th April, N. Korea urged S. Korea to apologies her action against N. Korea, otherwise it won’t have any negotiation. Based on this news, we can see that the differences of political system between N. Korea and S. Korea. Two difference systems contain different political development. We can talk about the party development, in S. Korea, she can contain many parties with their own ideologies, difference ideologies have their own action to support or against the government; however in N. Korea, only one ideology, one party and few bloc parties. In surface, N. Korea and S. Korea have value, political system and beliefs conflicts, if the conflicts still occur, it may have some potential to have war. In dark side, the N. Korea Government wanted to consolidate her governance, if you remember in 2010; Kim Jung-eun started to join into the party and military system, but not an in-chargeable post. In 2011, Kim Jung-il suddenly died, Kim Jung-eun need to be the leader. However, as a very traditional Confucianism country, when someone died, their family (almost the sons) need to in 3 years, based on Kim Jun-il’s experience, his father Kim Il-sung died in 1994, he need to have a leadership post in 1997, since he had military leader in 1991. But Kim Jung-eun have no any thought of to 3 years, since he being the party and military leader, but he lack of management skills and experiences to managed a country, so his ability almost
