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The brief history of the globe theater

According to Linda Alchin, William Shakespeare invested in the Globe Theatre and it was in his interest to write as many plays as possible! Six men became the joint owners of the Globe Theatre, the largest stakes were put up by the Burbage brothers. The initial investment by William Shakespeare made him a wealthy man and successful man due to his share of the large profits which were made at the Globe Theatre.

14. What is meant by the “ Authorship Debate” in regards to William Shakespeare?
The traditional camp (Stratfordian’s) maintains that the famous Bard was indeed a poet, playwright and an actor. Critics knew as ” Oxfordians” argue that a more likely contender may have been Edward De Vere (1550-1604), Christopher Marlowe, Sir Francis Bacon, Derby or even Queen Elizabeth herself!
15. What are the three main categories of Shakespearean plays?
Tragedy, Comedy, History
16. In Hamlet, what are 3-4 prevailing themes? Do NOT list general themes that could apply to any piece of literature, but be specific to this piece of literature.
Madness, Revenge, Mortality, Lies, and Deceit are themes that lie at the heart of the play Hamlet.

17. What is meant by the line in Act II of Hamlet “ The play’s the thing / Wherein I’ll catch the conscience of the king”?
Lines by Hamlet. It means that by re-enacting the scene where the king killed Hamlet’s father, Hamlet will see the rush of guilt the king experiences on his face when he witnesses the play.

18. Who is Polonius and what happens to him in the play? Be specific about how it happens.
Polonius is a counselor to King Claudius and the father of Ophelia and Laertes in Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet. He is especially known for his maxim-filled speech (“ Neither a borrower nor a lender is”). His meddling garrulousness eventually costs him his life. Polonius hides behind an arras in Gertrude’s room, in his last attempt to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet deals roughly with his mother, causing her to cry for help. Polonius requests to help and is heard by Hamlet, who stabs through the array and kills him (due to mistaking him for Claudius).

19. Death Toll: Name 4 characters who die in Hamlet and describe each death (who is responsible, how died, etc.).
Laertes: Hamlet, after being struck by the poisoned foil, captures the same sword and strikes Laertes.

Queen Gertrude: drinks from the poisoned chalice instead of Hamlet and dies.
Polonius: Hamlet deals roughly with his mother, causing her to cry for help. Polonius requests to help and is heard by Hamlet, who stabs through the array and kills him
Ophelia: goes insane after her father’s death and drowns to death. She is said to have committed suicide.

20. Which four events are (re)told in Paradise Lost? (You can earn one point extra credit if you name 5.)
Story of the Fall of Adam and Eve
Story of Satan
A retelling of events in the past by Raphael
Milton makes his third invocation to Urania, asking the goddess what caused Adam and Eve
Adam inquires more from Michael

21. Which dynasty followed the Tudors in 1603? Who were the first three monarchs in that period of rule?
The Stuart dynasty. The man who became King Robert II of Scotland in 1371 was the founder of the dynasty.
James I, son of Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1603 (ruled Scotland 1587–1625, ruled England 1603–1625 as James I).
Charles I who becomes the Prince of Whales in 1616 (ruled Scotland and England 1625–1649).
The Scots crowned James son Charles II as their king in 1651.

22. Discuss some of the biggest problems that plagued this royal family.
Fights between Catholics and Protestants led to the Civil War in 1642 between the aristocratic, royalist “ Cavaliers” and puritan, parliamentarian “ Roundheads”. The conflict ended with victory for parliamentary forces. In 1649 Charles I was captured and executed after formal trial for crimes against his people. The country became a republic. The religious problems took place in Ireland conflict between Catholics and Presbyterians. Anglican Church was restored, but the conflict between Monarch and Parliament was going on.
23. Milton’s Position: On the following issues, state whether Milton seems to have been in favor of (FOR) or opposed to (AGAINST) each.

Free Will: For Milton, this was an essential part of human existence. Divorce: he recommended that the new church abandon canon law on marriage since marriage was no longer considered a church sacrament.
The Use of Rhyme in Poetry: Milton argues that rhyme is particularly unnecessary in longer poems.
Monarchy: To Milton, ” all men naturally were born free” and kings and magistrates were accountable to the people.

24. Identify the underlined words/phrases in the following passage from “ The Great Argument” in Book I of Paradise Lost and explain what each means. Be as specific as you can, considering both literal and figurative meanings:

Of man’s first disobedience (1), and the fruit (2)
Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste
Brought death into the world (3), and all our woe,
With the loss of Eden, till one greater man (4)
Restore us, and regain the blissful seat
disobedience (1) = to reject ones orders (literal), in the poem it refers to disobedience to God resulting in the Fall (figurative).
fruit (2) = a category of edible natural item( literal), in the poem it refers to the fruit in Paradise (figurative).
world (3) = a creation of God, a dwelling place for humans (literal), in the poem it refers to the two worlds, one of Satan(Hell) one of Adam and Eve (Earth) and one of God (Heaven)
greater man (4) = a superior man (literal). In the poem, it refers to the trait of man given to him by God.

25. Define the phrase “ Felix Culpa” and explain how it relates to Paradise Lost.
Felix culpa is a Latin phrase that literally translated means a ” blessed fault” or ” fortunate fall.” As a religious term, it refers to Adam and Eves fall and the loss of the Garden of Eden, known theologically as the source of original sin. The story has been retold by Milton in Paradise Lost

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