Reader and carmen notes for final

Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis StudyWritten by Allan M. Brandt
-Shows circular nature of reasoning about race
– Belief in physical inferiority (changed a lot with sports, ex. Jesse Owens at Hitler’s olympic games)Boyhood, Organized Sports, and the Construction of MasculinitiesWritten by Michael A. Messner
– Organized sports is a gendered institution as well as a gendering institution
– Gendered Institution: structured by gender relations, our beliefs about it shape the rules
– Gendering Institution: Helps construct gender order
-Form of structuration, gender is a very centralizing feature of human lifeOptional Ethnicities: For Whites Only? Written by Mary C. Waters
– Generally, white people can ” choose” whether or not to represent an ethnicity while in general, African Americans cannot choose
– Refers to Durkheim, Social FactsNickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in AmericaWritten by Barbara Erenreich
– Lady goes undercover to live in poverty
– Works two jobs, lives in ” poor” home, describes those she works with as well as her conditions and moreUses of the Underclass in AmericaWritten by Herbert J. Gans
-The Non-poor groups benefit in society
-Poverty persists because some people benefit from the persistence of poverty
-The ” deserving poor” are the hard-working, sick, widows, disabled, and some single mothers
-The ” undeserving poor” are the lazy, ex-cons, quitters, addicts, dropouts
-The elites benefit from the labeling process, for example, if all the poor are undeserving, so nothing should be done
– You can see the functionalism and conflict theory in this piece, as well as symbolic interactionismThe Rise and Fall of Mass Rail TransitWritten by Joe R. Feagin and Robert Parker
– Corporations found common cause in organizing transportation to suit their interests
-Mass transit helped shape cite and showed how urban areas developed
-Conflict theory analysisThe Radical Idea of Marrying for LoveWritten by Stephanie Coontz
-Idea of ” traditional family” most common in 1950’s
– But looking back to 1900/1800’s there was a huge amount of family disruption for several reasons
-Early American families: early and more frequent death, mothers die in childbirth, more affairs, war and migrationReligious Community and American IndividualismWritten by Robert N. Bellah
-Building on Tocqueville’s Democracy in America
– Argument: In the past, individualism and commitment were balanced, but now individualism is gaining control
-Individualism: The self is primary. It appears in two ways: 1) Utilitarianism (self-interest) if everyone looks after themselves, the economy will be better and the nation stronger 2) Expressive (self-fulfillment) example is Oprah and being your best self; ” I can be religious without going to Church”
-Commitment: The idea that we are a part of something bigger, community, biblical and religious tradition, you need church to get closer to God
-Since the 1960’s, individualism has been gaining groundThe Gender RevolutionWritten by Paula England
-Why women have become increasingly more significant in different parts of life
-Work force, freedom, rightsShould the Government Promote Marriage? Written by Andrew J. Cherlin
– The main argument is people who are married do better (this is true)
– Causal pathways are not the same for everyone, but it is obviously not better to stay married to someone abusive, etc.
– Not all marriages are equal; for example, marriage is good for kids but not in every instance
-Marriage can cause happiness, but it is not the only cause for happiness
– If we are going to support or encourage marriage based on this correlation, we must encourage good marriages and not bad marriagesPreparing for the CompetitionWritten by Jay McLeod
– Information on tracking students and why they are placed on certain paths; what the ” tracked” think about their placements, saying they don’t think they are predisposed to failure; it is their own doing, saying they should have ” tried harder” ONREADER AND CARMEN NOTES FOR FINAL SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder Now