Neetu suicidal ideation in college going girls

Neetu Chaudhary*, Dr. Madhu Bala**, Dr. Anita moral***             Thepurpose of this present paper was to find out the suicidal ideation in collegegoing girls and how much modernization effects their suicidal ideation. Forthis purpose data were collected from 120 girls, who were pursuing graduation. They are belonging to different background. Mean, Analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple comparison test was used to compute the data.

Result showsdemographical background as well as achievement motivation both effectpositively on suicidal ideation. After, Understanding the effect ofmodernization on society, some useful suggestions will be token to escape theside effects of   modernization. Key words: Achievement Motivation, Suicidal Ideation, Demographical Background. Introduction            Modernizationis such a concept which refers to process in which society take place with manychanges in various fields. The changes occur in the field of science andtechnology is almost considered to bring modernization. In context of socialsciences modernization refers to the change through industrialization, urbanization westernization, assimilation, acculturation and so forth.

Theseare the changes which affects broadly human mind thinking, life style, values, believes, customs, tradition and so many other behavioral patterns.* Lecturer (Self Finance College), B. D. College, Dhanora, Gazrulla (U. P.)**  Asstt. Prof.

, R. B. S. College, Agra (U. P.)*** Asstt.

Prof., S. V. College, Aligarh (U.

P.) When cognitive perpective is change throughmodernization, the whole attitude change towards life problems, towards societyand toward universe. Where modernization is breaking off rigid, and meaninglesscustoms to lead a smooth life, there it is also leading people for somechallenges which are affecting there lives into complicated pattern becausemodernization is to adopt the changes of time for the development of self andthe country as a whole. So people are more pressurized toward the progress and successand they are becoming more ambitious for materialistic achievement rather thanintellectual growth.

Due to the pressure of ambitions and progress in life, People are suffering from many pathological andpsychological problems like stress, Anxiety, depression, obsession and suicidalIdeation. Among these problems suicidal Ideation is an emerging problem amongadolescents, adults even in old age people.            SuicidalIdeation refers to the thought about taking one`s own life with some degree ofintent does not necessary mean that a person is an imminent risk to self, further assessment is needed it is imperative that all suicidal Ideation istaken seriously and explored to determine the level of risk. Risk factors of suicidal Tendency:-Anxiety , Depression , Anger ,  Aggression , Helplessness , Prior Suicideattempts , Impulsiveness,  Exposure tothe suicide of Family member, friend, or significant friend , Impaired parentchild relationship and Lack of involvement in school work. Warning signs of suicidal Ideation:-            Changein Eating and sleeping habits , Withdrawal from friend and family in reguleractivity, Violent actions , Rebellious behavior or running away , Markedpersonality change , Frequent complaint about physical symptoms often relatedto emotions such as stomachache, Headache, and  fatigue. MethodologyProblem: – 1.

To examine the impact ofmodernization (through demographical background) on the level of suicidalIdeation in college going girls. 2. To examine the impact of Achievement motivation onthe level of suicidal ideation. Hypotheses:-H1. There will be no significant effectof modernization (through demographical background) on suicidal ideation. H2. There will be no significant effectof Achievement motivation on suicidal ideation.

Variables:-1. Demographical Background (Urban and Rural)2. Achievement Motivational (High, Moderate and Low) Experimental Design:-             Forstatistical analysis 2 x 3 factorial design was used. The first independentvariable was demographical background varied at two levels Urban and Rural andsecond independent variable was Achievement Motivation varied at three levelsthat is high, moderate and low level of Achievement motivation.

Sample: –  (A1 = Urban Background, A2 = RuralBackground, B1 = Highlevel of achievement motivation, B2 = Moderate level of achievement motivation, B3 = Low level of achievement motivation)                120subjects were selected for this study through randomization. There were 60students related to urban background and 60 students related to ruralbackground. Each background consists of 20 students in each cell related tohigh, moderate and low level of Achievement motivation. Tools: – For present research following toolshave been used.

1. Achievement motivation scale constructed by PratibhaDeo and Asha MohanItem: 50Reliability = . 78 test retest methodValidity = .

542. Suicidal ideation scale constructed by Aron T. back and Mana kovachItem: – 19Reliability = . 89 coefficientValidity = .

41 concurrent validityStatistical Analysis:-             Mean, ANOVA and Multiple comparison test were used for statistical Analysis. Results:-            Resultsare discussed according to analysis of variance and multiple comparison test.     Table 1:-2 x 3 ANOVA for suicidal Ideation   Source of SS df MS F Variation                     A 1280. 533 1 1280. 533 43. 27**             B 1266. 017 2 633.

00 21. 39**             ABSS 138. 117 2 69. 05 2. 33 Within treatment  Error 3373.

7 114 29. 59               Total 6058. 367 119                       Table -1Analysis of variance reveals that F ratio is found significant at the level . 01for factor A (Demographical background) and B (level of Achievement Motivation). Table 2 = Mean scores for factor A(Demographical Background) and Factor          B (Achievement Motivation)                                                   A                                                                      B             (Demographical Background)                  (Achievement Motivation)                A1 A2 B1 B2 B3             (Urban) (Rural) High Moderate Low             18. 98 12. 45 20.

22 12. 7 14. 22          Meanvalues are shown in table 2, which clearly reveals that the girls of urbanbackground have high level of suicidal ideation. In terms of Achievementmotivation mean value reveals that the girls having high level of Achievementmotivation have high level of suicidal ideation Graphical presentation of meanvalues is depicted in figure 1 and 2. Figure 1- Graphical representationfor factor A (Demographical Background)       Figure 2- Graphicalrepresentation for factor B (Achievement Motivation)      Table -3 :- Multiplecomparison test for factor B Achievement Motivation   Ordered Mean Ordered Mean         B2 12.

7 B2 14. 22 B1 20. 22 B2 12. 7         15.

2**   7. 52** B3 14. 22           6**         **Significant at . 01 level of confidence       Table -3for multiple comparison test reveals that the groups B2 B3, B2 B1 and B3 B1 are found significant.

Discussion            ThePurpose of present research was to examine the impact of modernization (throughdemographical background) and Achievement motivation on the level of suicidalIdeation. First finding of this study is related to the effect of modernizationon suicidal ideation. A comparison of suicidal ideation scores of two separatecategories of demographical background (Urban and Rural) clearly indicates thatmodernity is an influencive variable to determine suicidal ideation in girls. The obtained results suggest that the girls belong to urban background havemore degree of suicidal ideation as compared to the girls of rural background.             Now, the question arises why urban background girls have more suicidal ideation? Thesuggestive answer is that due to rapid changes in the level of economy, socialvalues, cultural values, according to their demographical background girls haveincreased their ambition levels as well as their needs.

These are the factorswhich make them pressurized to fulfill their ambitions and the degree of lossand gain make them frustrate, competitive, sometimes psychologically ill, through which, they may develop suicidal ideation more as compared to otherdemographical background. A number of       researches have been done in the consequences of modernization which refersto the effect of urbanization and westernization on mental health. Sorokin,(1941) have found direct consequences’ of rapid cultural changes on mentalhealth. The results suggest decreased level of mental health due to thesechanges. Mead and slotkin argued that disorganization of society andpathological tensions are often a reaction on technological developments. Bjerregaard (1990) also revealed a positive correlation between populationchange and mortality from suicide.            Now, a day’s modernization is easily seen in the urban areas, people adopt thewestern culture like changes in life style, thinking, feeling, change in valuesor alcohol intaking and so forth.

Their living conditions are totally differfrom rural areas. So the people belong to urban background are some wherepressurized to maintain their standard according to the society. Westernization`s effect can also be seen clearly in youth behavior.

Due tothis, generation gap is also increased and family structures are also changed. So the youths have not proper environment to share all their feelings withfamily members, specially for girls, they have constricted environment in bigcities to share any thing with others. All these things indicate clearly a verygeneral relationship between suicidal ideation and the process of modernizationaccording to demographical backgrounds.            Thesecond findings of this study clearly reveal achievement motivation as an influencivevariable to determine suicidal ideation. The term motivation refers to anorganismic state that mobilize activity which in some sense selected ordirective with respect to the environment (Newcomb, 1964) According to McClelland achievement motivation is adisposition to strive for success in competion with other in some standard ofexcellence set by the individual.

The obtained results suggest that girlshaving high level of achievement motivation have more suicidal ideation thenthe girls having low level of Achievement motivation, the suggestiveexplanation may be that due to modernization it’s a time of completion forhealth wealth, life style and so forth. It does not the matter who is girl andboy. Because of such environment women feel ambiguity toward their role, forfamily, for society and for themselves? This is time of women empowerment theyare becoming teachers, social workers, doctors, ministers as well as they haveto dedicate a major role for family values. In such conditions they cannotidentify themselves with the traditional life style and modern life style. Thisemerged conflicts, and stress have made them confused and frustrated. So theymay have sometimes suicidal ideation.

According to Seltzer (1980) life style isa major factor which has resulted into a gap between generations, feeling ofalienation, and lack of belongingness may be the consequence to createfrustration among youth. High achievement motivated persons have more suicidalideation this fact can be support with Atkinson model (1978). Which clearlyreveals that high Achievement motivated persons have more feeling of fear offailure than others? They can not adjust in the conditions of failure, whenthey could not Achieved their target, they easily loss their patience andbecome more frustrated. Frustration is considered the base of suicidal ideationas a result people may no longer have the competencies to solve out the problems, especially when they feel a conflict between their target and moral values. Dueto this problem solving capacity may be reduced. As a result youth may sufferfrom low self esteem, may loss their sense of meaning and purpose of life andso forth. Lynge (1997) believes that the traditional way of upbringing isincreasing the vulner ability, psychological distress among young people, whenthey confronted with occupational life.            Throughabove immense discussion of researches and authors, it may be said that              Achievement motivation may beleading cause for suicidal ideation.

Now, it may be concluded that demographical background and the level of Achievementmotivation are influencing variables for suicidal tendencies, increasing insociety day by day due to modernization. References            AmericanAcademy of child and adolscents. Psychiatry, facts and families 10 teensuicide. Retrieved from 1 Mach, 2011 from http:// www. suicidal. htm                        Bjerregaard, P. (1990).

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Mcclelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark and lowell, C. C.

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