Ethical issues

Ethical Issues A. Essentials of an Internal Review Board to a Successful Research I agree that an internal review board is very essential for a successful research. This is because of the role and function it plays in a research undertaking. According to Pastorino and Doyle-Portillo (2012), one of the main functions of this board is to ensure that the research study proposed should conform to a set of ethical standards or guidelines. The board consists of experts who analyze and understand the basic ethical issues concerning the proposed research. This analysis assists the board to determine whether the proposed research meets the requirements or not before allowing it to be undertaken. This ensures that only the researches that meet the minimum ethical requirements are conducted, hence, increasing the chances of having a successful research.
Another way that an internal review board assists in ensuring the researches undertaken are successful is through provision of information and training to researchers. According to Craig (2009), an internal review board serves as a resource for researchers by providing them with training and information necessary for conducting a successful research. This ensures that the researchers are well equipped when they are undertaking a research and, thus, influences their ability to achieve a successful research. The training and information that this board provides assists researchers in facing some of the challenges of conducting a research and, hence, makes their research successful.
B. Main Ethical Issues Involved in Research
The ethical issues involved in research vary with the kind of research undertaken, as well as the research method chosen for the research per se. The ethical issues for an engineering research that does not involve human subjects are different from the ethical issues of a social research that involves human subjects. However, several ethical issues are applicable in almost every research undertaken regardless of the research type and research method. One of such ethical issues is the way subjects in a research are to be treated by the researcher. Another ethical issue is how the research should be undertaken while the other one is how the research findings should be reported.
These three ethical issues are sensitive when it comes to any kind of research undertaking. If the subjects in a research are not well treated by the researcher, they can experience some direct or indirect harm because of the participation in research (Oliver, 2010). Therefore, the ethical issue of treating the subjects well and carefully during a research is a very sensitive issue. The ethical issue on the way a research should be conducted is also very sensitive. This is because if it is not well observed it can victimize both the researcher and the subjects and, hence, invalidate your research findings. The ethical issue of how your research findings are reported is also very sensitive since it gives credibility to your research work.
C. Constraints University Students Face When Conducting Research
University students when conducting research are likely to face various constraints. Some of these constraints are university-based constraints, research knowledge and research funding constraints. The students in a university, regardless of whether the university has an internal review board, can experience the university constraint. However, its impact is greater on universities without internal review board as compared to those without it (Barr & Kamil, 1996). The research knowledge and research funding constraints are mainly experienced in universities without internal review board. This is because in this kind of institutions the researchers cannot get access to training and information necessary for their research work.
References
Barr, R., & Kamil, M. L. (1996). Handbook of reading research, volume 2. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Craig, D. V. (2009). Action research essentials. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
Oliver, P. (2010). The students guide to research ethics. Berkshire: Open University Press.
Pastorino, E. E., & Doyle-Portillo, S. M. (2012). What is psychology?: Essentials. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.