Chapter 10, 11, and 12 study guide

Chapter 10, 11, and 12 Study Guide Vocab 1. Adjourn- suspend 2. Apportion- distribute, as in seats 3. At-large Election- election of an office holder by the voters of an entire governmental unit 4. Bicameral- two chamber 5. Census- process of counting the population of the United States. 6. Constituent- followers of an elected official. 7. Delegate- office holder 8. Gerrymandering- drawing of an electoral district lines to the advantage of a party or group 9. Off Year Election- Congressional election that occurs between presidential election years 10. Partisan- Lawmaker who owes his/her first allegiance to his/her political party 11. Politico- Lawmaker who attempts to balance the basic elements of the trustee 12. Reapportion- Redistribute 13. Session- Period of time during which congress assembles 14. Single member districts- Electoral district where one person is elected by the voters for each office 15. Special Session- Session called to deal with an emergency situation 16. Term- two year period during which congress meets 17. Trustee- Lawmaker whose vote is based on his/her conscious decision 18. Bankruptcy- The legal proceeding by which a person’s assets are distributed 19. Commerce Power- Exclusive power of congress 20. Copyright- The exclusive, legal rights to reproduce or distribute his/her works 21. Direct Tax- A tax that must be paid directly 22. Eminent Domain- Power to take private property 23. Expressed Powers- Spelled out powers 24. Impeach- to bring formal changes against a public official 25. Implied Powers- government powers that are expressed 26. Indirect Tax-a tax levied on one party 27. Inherent Powers- powers the constitution is presumed to have delegated to the national government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community 28. Legal Tender- any kind of money that a creditor must, by law, accept in payment for debts 29. Liberal Constructionists- one who argues a broad interpretation of the provisions of the constitutions 30. Naturalization- the governmental acquisition of private industry for public use 31. Necessary and proper clause- constitution clause that gives the power to make all laws 32. Patent- a license issued to an inventor 33. Strict Constructionists- one who argues a narrow interpretation of the constitution provision 34. Assistant Floor Leader- 35. Bill- a proposed law presented to a legislative body for consideration 36. Caucus- As a nominating device, a group of likeminded people who meet to select the candidates that will over a period of years 37. Cloture- procedure that may be used to limit or end floor debate in legislative body 38. Committee of the whole- a committee that consists of an entire legislative body 39. Concurrent resolution- a statement of position on an issue used by the house and senate 40. Conference Committee- temporary joint committee created to reconcile any differences between the two house versions of a bill 41. Filibuster- various tactics aimed at defeating a bill in legislative body by preventing a vote 42. Floor leader- members of the house and senate picked by their parties to carry out party decisions 43. Joint committees- legislative committee composed of members of both houses 44. Joint Resolution- a proposal for action that has the force of law when passed 45. Pigeonhole- to put the bill aside and never deal with it again 46. Pocket Veto- if bill hasn’t been dealt with after congressional session is over then it is automatically vetoed 47. President of the senate- the presiding officer of the senate 48. President Pro tempore- the member of the United States senate who is chosen to preside over an absent president of the senate 49. Quorum- least number of members that must be present for a legislative body 50. Resolution- a measure relating to the business of either house 51. Rider- unpopular provision added to an important bill certain to pass so that it will ride through the legislative process 52. Select Committee- legislative committee created for a limited time and for some specific purpose. AKA Special committee 53. Seniority rule- unwritten rule in both houses of congress reserving the top posts in each chamber 54. Speaker of the house- presiding officer over the house of representatives 55. Standing committee- permanent committee in a legislative body 56. Subcommittee- committee that formed to address a specific issue 57. Veto- chief executive’s power to reject a bill 58. Whip- assistant to the floor leaders Questions 1. A Two chambered congress 2. framers were familiar with british, colonial, and early state practices, Agreed to the Connecticut compromise, Hoped one house would act as a check on the other house 3. 2 years 4. 2 each term 5. 435 6. Based on population 7. 10 years 8. 2020 9. 100 10. Trustee, delegate, partisan, politico. 11. Article 1 12. Thomas Jefferson 13. Alexander Hamilton 14. Strict Constructionists 15. Expressed Powers 16. Tax, regulate commerce, coin and borrow money, create laws on bankruptcy, naturalize citizens, create a postal system, govern copyrights and patents 17. McCullough VS Maryland 18. Senate 19. Senate 20. House 21. Senate 22. January 3rd of every odd numbered year 23. House 24. Floor leaders 25. Whips 26. Both 27. Most bills die 28. Senate 29. Approve/sign it, pocket veto, ignore, veto 30. Tax and regulate commerce 31. McCullough vs Maryland 32. To put the bill aside and never deal with it again 33. 3/5ths of the senate votes 34.