Ap psych chapter 2 : the brain

Myelin Sheathcovers certain neurons with a layer of fatty tissue that serves as a catalyst for neural transmissionAutonomic nervous systemGoverns the heartbeat, digestion, and other self-regulating bodily functions ONAP PSYCH CHAPTER 2 : THE BRAIN SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder NowWhat can a strong stimulus increase?# of times the neuron firesThe pain of heroin withdrawal may be attributable to the fat that? Under the influence of heroin the brain ceases production of endorphinsPET scanBrain research technique that involves monitoring the brain’s usage of glucoseDescribe the axon when in a resting stateThe axon is polarized, with mostly positively charged ions & negatively charged ions insideWhat system’s regulation is primarily attributed to brain region? The limbic systemDescribe the sequence in the transmission of a simple reflexSensory Neuron > Interneuron > Motor NeuronDamage to what area will cause a person to lose ability to comprehend language? Wernicke’s areaWhat is typically controlled by the right hemisphere? Perceptual tasksA doctor who studies neurotransmitter abnormalities in depressed patients is most likely abiological psychologistWhat accompainies the increasing complexity of animals’ behavior? The increase in the amount of association areaWhich nervous system directs voluntary movement? ie: writing with a pencilSomatic nervous systemWhen will a neuron generate action potientials more often? When it recieves more excitatory that inhibitory inputsDescribe the transmission of a neural impulseDendrite > Cell body > Axon > SynapseWhat are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands called? HormonesAfter a head injury, when a person has difficulty staying awake most likely the damage occured to theReticular formationWhat are cortical areas that are not primarily concerned with sensory, motor, or language functions called? Association areasIn the brain, learning occurs as experience strengthens certain connections in cell work groups calledNeural networksHypothalamusContains reward centersLesionTissue destructionEEGAmplified recording of brain wavesfMRItechnique that uses radio waves and magnetic fields to show brain functionReticular informationhelps control arousalMRItechnique that uses radio wavesand magnetic fields to show brain functionThalamusserves as sensory switchboardCorpus callosumlinks the cerebral hemispheresCerebellumenables coordinated movementAmygdalainfluences rage and fearMedullaregulates breathing and heartbeatThe visual cortex is located in theoccipital lobeWhich of the following is typically controlled by the left hemisphere? word recognitionWhen Sandy scalded her toe in a tub of hot water, the pain message was carried to her spinal cord by the ____________ systemsomaticWhat is governed by the simpliest neural pathways? reflexesMelissa has just completed running a marathon. She is so elated that she feels little fatigue or discomfort. Her lack of pain is probably the result of the release ofendorphinsParkinson’s disease involvesthe death of nerve cells that produce a vital neurotransmitterThe techinique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer images of structures within the brain is calledMRIThe myelin sheath that is on some neurons … increases the speed of neural tranmissionDuring an action potiential, the electrical state of the axon becomes: depolarized, as positively charged ions are admittedThe neurotransmitter ACh is most likely to be foundat the junction between motor neurons and muscle fibersThe gland that regulates body growth is thepituitary glandEpinephrine and norepinephrine are ______ that are released by the _______ glandhormones; adrenalJessical experienced difficulty keeping her balance after recieving a blow to the back of her head. It is likely that she injured hercerebellumMoruzzi and Magoun caused a cat to lapse into a coma by severing neural connections between the cortex and thereticular formationResearch had found that hte amount of representation in the motor cortex reflects thedegree of precise control required by each of the partsThe effect of a drug that is an agonist is tomimic a particular neurotransmitterThe nerve fibers that enable communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres and that have been severed in split-brain patients for a structure called thecorpus callosumThree year old Marco suffered damage to the speech area of the brain’s left hemisphere when he fell from a swing. Research suggests thathis right hemisphere may take over much of the language functionRight hemispherespecializes in spatial relationsBrainstemoldest part of the brainGlial cellsbrain cells that provide nutrients and insulating myelinlimbic systemregulates emotionLeft hemispherespecializes in rationalizing reactionsAngular gyrustranslates writing into speechA biological psychhologist would be more likely to studythe chemical changes that accompany emotionsThe part of the human brain that is most like that of a fish is thebrainstemIf Doctor Rogers wishes to conduct an experiment on the effects of stimulating the reward centers of a rat’s brain, he should insert an electrode into thehypothalamusSeveral shy neurons send an inhibitory message to neighboring neuron Joni. At the same time, a larger group of party-going neurons send Joni excitatory messages. What will Joni do? fire, assuming that her threshold has been reachedDr. Johnson briefly flashed a picture of a key in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The patient could probably: verbally report that a key was seenlimbic system is toemotion and memoryWhich of the following was a major problem with phrenology? The brain is not neatly organized into structures that correspond to our categories of behaviorA bodybuilder friend suddenly seems to have grown several inches in height. You suspect that your friend’s growth spurt has occurred because he has been using drugs that affect thepituitary glandRaccoons have much more precis control of their paws than dogs. You would expect that raccoons have more cortical space dedicated to ” paw control” in the ________ of their brainsfrontal lobes