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History Questions Explain the historical background and the various debates surrounding the Treaty of Versailles. Why did the senate ultimately refuse to ratify the treaty or join the League of Nations
The Treaty was signed as a promise to end the World War I between the three major nations that had been engaging in war. It was also as a way to mend their differences because the way had divided the whole continent up. The Treaty was signed in Versailles Palace in France in June of 1919. The war killed millions of soldiers and even the civilians not to mention the damages to the countries with the costs running up to billions and it took these countries years to build it back (Spielvogel 582).
The Senators wanted the treaty to be ratified in such a way that it would not be possible to declare war without the consent of the USA congress. Some of the Senators opposed it simply because of party politics which led them to believe Wilson had no leadership skills.
2. What were the main characteristics of the Progressive era? How did each president of the progressive era view the role of the federal government?
There were several characteristics associated with the progressive era including a need for purification of the government, issues of women suffrage and their need to end as well as being prohibited. There was also a need to focus on the important values in society which included education and focusing much on the family. The progressive era also sought modernization of the country.
Roosevelt wanted the federal government to take control of the corporations so that they can protect the consumers as well as conserve the corporations themselves. Taft let the others make decisions on progressive such as increasing tariffs, opening up land for private use among other things. Wilson reduced the tariffs especially the import fees, there was a new income tax, and there was introduction of new Federal Reserve notes and an introduction of central bank in 12 regional reserve districts among other reforms.
3. Analyze the various roles women played during the Progressive era, from
social reformer, to feminist, to suffragette. How did various women define
freedom?
Progressive era opened up colleges for women making them enter the male dominated job markets as clerics, typists, lawyers and even doctors and journalists. This followed their role in social work and especially where they were teaching the immigrants proper and decent ways to behave and earn wages without being taken advantage of by the men. After they became properly educated, they started advocated for more of their rights and freedom from male shadows and they were helped by the women in professional jobs. Freedom according to women was to be allowed to work and venture outside of their homes like the men; others defined it as being offered equal wages to the men in the same field while to others freedom constituted not being offered lower class jobs and being sexually undermined in the workplaces.
4. Fully discuss the successes and failures of Reconstruction. Be sure to
explain how freedom was expanded or constricted for various groups of people.
Among the successes included the reunification of the unions after a separation of almost four years, there was also expansion of the economy in both the north and south, more laws were passed including the right to vote and speak. Among the failures included the failure to curb poverty, there was also the emergence of Ku Klux Klan who were racists and attacked the African Americans. Corruption also became on the increase as well as slow industrialization in the South. The freedom of the African Americans was further constricted.
5. What is the Great Depression? How did Hoover and F. D. Roosevelt response to the Great Depression? Also Please focus on the “ the first and second New Deal”
It was the greatest economic downturn in the western countries which lasted between 1929 and 1939. It costs immense economic damage including loss of property and bankruptcy of industries and companies. Hoover advocated for individualism to curb the depression as well as offer loans to farmers and businessmen to prevent them becoming bankrupt. Roosevelt provided relief and restructuring of the economy from bottom-up in the first deal while in the second deal; there was massive focus on social justice and constitutional reforms (Spielvogel 589).
Work Cited
Spielvogel, Jackson. Western Civilization: A Brief History, Volume II: Since 1500. New York: Cengage Learning, 2013.

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