A study on the effect of gamma radiation on growth of zea mays essay

A Survey on the Effect of Gamma Radiation on Growth of Zea Mayss AbstractionMutant was hypothesizes to convey about a alteration in the growing rate of the works Zea Mayss. It was besides hypothesizes that there would be betterment in the growing rate of the works where it would turn faster for shorter crop clip interval. The experiment was done by exposing the meats of Zea Mayss to different degrees of gamma radiation chiefly 10krad, 30krad, and 50krad. The consequences shown that the 10krad open meats had a higher growing rate than the other degrees of gamma beam radiation and there has been a important difference on the figure of Zea Mayss that have survived after the experiment. It can be concluded that at certain low degrees of gamma radiation, there is a important betterment of the growing rate but higher degrees of gamma radiation can be damaging to the workss. IntroductionMutant has occupied a cardinal place in genetic sciences where it is the ultimate beginning of familial variableness that makes development possible ( Auerbach, C.

1962 ) . An experiment was conducted on the works Zea Mayss utilizing different degrees of gamma radiation. The experiment was to find whether the gamma exposure on the maize meats would increase or diminish the growing rate of the works as the degree of radiation additions. Mutant may hold arisen from the cistron construction bing and have been changed by a chemical or physical stimulation or an mistake at the clip of cistron reproduction ( Auerbach, C.

1962 ) . The mistake in reproduction can be due to cistron precursor, presence of competitory parallels of substances in cistron reproduction, enzyme inhibitors and other biochemical state of affairss ( Auerbach, C. 1962 ) . One physical stimulation used would be the electromagnetic radiation which is the gamma radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is defined as a signifier of energy that is transmitted through infinite at tremendous speeds ( Skoog, D. West, D Holler, F and Crouch, S.

2014 ) . The gamma beam refers to a high energy photon which besides has the highest perforating power of all the electromagnetic radiations ( Zumdahl, S and Zumdahl, S. 2010 ) . There are other sorts of radiation which besides brings mutant such as Neutron beams and ultraviolent beams ( Muntzing, A. 1961 ) . Muntzing ( 1961 ) besides stated that ultraviolent beams had milder effects compared to X beams and gamma beams but it was believed that it was the lone 1 that could convey true cistron mutant. It can besides be hypothesized that mutant occurred as the maize meats were subjected to the gamma rays since gamma radiation can impact the Deoxyribonucleic acid of the works. In one experiment where X rays were used, it was found that it had a fragmenting consequence on the chromosomes.

A full hit on the chromosomes or chromatid led to a section interruption ( Mutzing, A. 1961 ) . Mutzing ( 1961 ) besides stated that the chromosomal aberrances are dependent on the radiation strength. Another survey conducted by Majeed, A. Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z ( 2010 ) on Lepidium sativum L showed that the gamma rays exhibited repressive effects on the shoot and root length at 70 krad and 80 krad due to the reduced mitotic activity in the meristem tissues and decreased wet in the seeds. Majeed, A. Khan A.

Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z. ( 2010 ) besides stated that radiation doses 20 Krad and 40 Krad had no important effects on survivability of seedlings as compared to 70 Krad and 80 Krad. This would intend that at higher degrees of radiation, their woud be a diminution in endurance of the seeds. In the electromagnetic spectrum, X beams were weaker that gamma beams in footings of energy. It can be concluded that gamma beams can besides do chromosomal aberrances when they are used.

MATERIALS and METHODSThe meats Zea Mayss were subjected to different doses or degrees of gamma radiation. The doses used were 10krad, 30krad, and 50krad. Each dosage had 10 meats of Zea Mayss subjected and was planted in the secret plan provided. The experiment lasted for about 3 months specifically from March 18, 2015 boulder clay May 11, 2015. The meats were all checked at a regular interval of Monday, Wednesday and Friday to enter the growing of the works. The accrued information was used to analyze the effects of gamma radiation degrees on works growing of Zea Mayss. RESULTS and DISCUSSIONSThe following tabular array summarizes the information gathered over the clip span of the experiment.

Table 1. 1 Summarized Data of Zea Mayss

Fig 1. 1 Line graph of Average Plant Height and Day CollectedThe information showed that the 10Krad had the greatest length of workss.

It can be said that at low degrees of gamma radiation, there would be important addition in the growing rate. Muntzing ( 1961 ) stated that mutant procedure is influenced by the strength of the radiation where it can do a substitution that may finally return back to normal conditions unless the radiation exposure is continued therefore holding a complete mutant. It can be associated to the consequences that at low degrees of radiation such as 10 Krad, the mutant was merely partially effectual and such that the substitution it had was easy reverted back to normal nevertheless it gave a important alteration in the growing rate due to the little alterations it gave to the chromosomes. The alterations are the chromosomal aberrances or section interruptions influenced by the radiation.

The higher degrees of gamma radiation had lower norm works tallness because at higher degrees of radiation could do harm to the seeds and would hold an repressive consequence of flowering plants such as Zea Mayss ( Majeed, A. Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z. 2010 ) . The harm can be attributed to the break uping consequence of gamma beams on the chromosomes ( Muntzing, A.

1961 ) and the lessening mitotic activity in the meristematic tissues and deficiency of wet ( Majeed, A. Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z.

2010 ) . Auerbach ( 1962 ) stated earlier that mistake in reproduction may be besides due to enzyme inhibitors and Majeed, A. Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z. ( 2010 ) besides stated that there would be an repressive consequence of high degrees of gamma radiation. It can be concluded that at high degrees of gamma radiation exposure, the works chromosomes are fragmented therefore have an repressive consequence on the works doing its growing rate lessening but at low degrees of gamma radiation, the works can retrieve from the chromosomal changes and have a important addition in the growing rate as a consequence of the mutant it has undergone.

There have been several disagreements in the information gathered. First beginning of mistake is the losing informations which was non given or was non filled in therefore impacting the representation of the line graph doing the designation of the tendency hard. Second is the manner the informations gatherer measured the workss which may hold given utmost values for the information doing the analysis of the informations have mistake. SUMMARY and CONCLUSIONThe consequence seen was that at high gamma radiation degrees, there has been a important lessening in the growing rate of Zea Mayss due to the repressive consequence that the gamma rays induce ( Majeed, A. Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z.

2010 ) However at low gamma radiation degrees, Zea Mayss had a important addition in its growing rate. The consequences answered the stated hypothesis where the exposure to gamma radiation has an consequence on the growing rate of Zea Mayss . At higher degrees, it decreases the growing rate of the works and at low degrees ; the growing rate of the works was significantly improved. It can be concluded that inordinate or high degrees of gamma radiation can significantly diminish the growing rate of Zea Mayss due to its repressive effects ( Majeed, A.

Khan A. Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z. 2010 ) but at low degrees of gamma radiation ; the growing rate of Zea Mayss is improved due to the gamma radiation moving as a physical stimulation to the meats of the works ( Auerbach, C. 1962 ) . LITERATURE CITEDAuerbach, C. 1962.

Mutant: An debut to Research on Mutagenesis Part I Methods. Oliver and Boyd LTD, Tweedale Court Edinburgh 39a Welbeck Street, LondonMajeed, A. Khan A.

Ahmad, H and Muhammad, Z. 2010. Gamma irradiation consequence on some growing parametric quantities of Lepidium sativum L. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. Volume 5. Muntzing, A.

1961. Geneticss: Basic and Applied ; A study of methods and chief consequences. Stockholm Sweden, Hallands postens Boktryckeri, Halunstad, 1967. Skoog, D. West, D Holler, F and Crouch, S.

2014. Fundamentals of Analytic Chemistry, 9 ^Thursday edition. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 20 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002- 3098, USAZumdahl, S and Zumdahl, S. 2010.

Chemistry 8 ^Thursday edition. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 20 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098, USA