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The correctional theory essay

The changeable and unchangeable aspects of creation and man’s life. It is rare for even two or three people to agree on the truth of even a single subject. If the rich and powerful decide what the truth is then their truth’ will exclude or disadvantage the poor and vice versa. Nor if the truth is truth can it be decided by majority vote: for the truth as truth will be compelling no matter how many or how few people vote for it.

The truth is, and can only be determined by the Truth, that is, by God Who has created man and the universe.

What falls to man to do is to discover that truth and abide by it. No one doubts that there are some verities that are universally recognized” such as honesty, generosity, altruism, truthfulness, helpfulness, compassion, etc. These are essentially reflections of man’s true nature. Created by the One, Who is All Wise, All-Generous, All-compassionate, every man has an innate inclination towards these virtues and it is the God-revealed religion which confirms and establishes these truths, showing the straight path out of man’s psychological and social problems.

This religion was revealed through God-chosen men revered as ‘ Prophets’. While constant change is observed in nature, there is an underlying aspect f permanence in everything. For instance, a seed germinates under the earth and grows into a tree, without the laws of germination and growth changing. Likewise, human beings, no matter the changes in clothes, houses, vehicles, etc. , in the material or form of their lives, have remained unchanged in respect of the essential purposes they serve and their impact on our lives and environment.

We all share as human beings, certain general conditions of life and value; we are all born, mature, marry, have children and face death; we all possess some degree of will and common esires; we share also certain values” we all know the meaning of honesty, kindness, justice, courage, and so on.

All the Prophets, peace be upon them all, sent by God were therefore sent from first to last, with the same message. This message, whether preached by the Prophets Moses, Jesus or Muhammad (peace be upon them all) is based upon the Absolute Oneness and Absolute Transcendence of God: He does not beget, nor is begotten, being Eternally Self-Existent.

Each created being naturally depends on its Creator, only the Creator Himself is Self-Existent, unique, single, nor composite, not subject to change, not contained by time or space. Belief in such a Divine Being constitutes the primary foundation of the Divine Religion, as preached by all Prophets.

The other pillars of Divine religion are belief in the Resurrection, in all the Prophets without distinction, in the angels, the Divine Scriptures, and the Divine Destiny which embraces human free will.

Through sincere faith and worship and by adhering to the pristine teachings of the Prophets, mankind can obtain the highest degree of elevation, even be worthy of heaven. Certainly there is no other escape from the snares of the worldly life, nor from the oppressive ignorance of false, an-made systems, or the tyranny of self-appointed priestly authority. from committing another crime for a specified period. Second, this incapacitation is designed to be so unpleasant that it will discourage the offender from repeating her criminal behaviour.

Rehabilitation is another utilitarian rationale for punishment, mainly to prevent future crime by giving offenders the ability to succeed within the confines of the law. Rehabilitative measures for criminal offenders usually include treatment for afflictions such as mental illness, chemical dependency, and chronic violent behaviour. Rehabilitation also includes the use of educational programs that give offenders the knowledge and skills needed to compete in the Job market. In contrast, retribution as a goal of punishment is an act of moral vengeance by which society makes the offender suffers as much as the suffering caused by the crime.

The counterpart to the utilitarian theory of punishment is the retributive theory. Under this theory, offenders are punished for criminal behaviour because they deserve punishment. Criminal behaviour upsets the peaceful balance of society, nd punishment helps to restore the balance. The retributive theory focuses on the crime itself as the reason for imposing punishment.

Where the utilitarian theory looks forward by basing punishment on social benefits, the retributive theory looks backward at the transgression as the basis for punishment (Markesinis, 2007). Retribution dates back to biblical days as seen in the phrase: “ an eye for an eye.

? Criminal behaviour was seen as an offense against both society and God. Crime was seen as upsetting the natural order of the world as a whole. Thus, the punishment should echo the harshness of the crime (aka: “ Just desert” theory). The retributive theory focuses on the crime itself as the reason for imposing punishment.

Since the offender has free will, a person who makes a conscious choice to upset the balance of society should be punished. However, a person who is not mentally competent should not be punished. The problem with this belief is that is does nothing to make the offender a better member of society; nonetheless, this theory is still popular today (http://www. springerlink.

com/content/r48676483585859k/). Under the denunciation theory, punishment should be an expression of societal condemnation. The denunciation theory is a mixture

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