1,426
11
Essay, 6 pages (1300 words)

The between the x and y values. this

The Relationship BetweenLife Expectancy at Birthand Income Indexin The NetherlandsGeography and Mathematics IDUAmélie Van Craen IS9a8 pagesWord count: 1488 Life expectancy at birth shows the overall mortality level of a population of a certain country. It indicates the expected average age a newborn will reach if the current mortality rates continue to apply to him/her. The table below shows the life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands between 1980 and 2015. Table 1: Life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (1980-2015)YearLife expectancy at birth (in years)198075. 7198576.

5199077. 0199577. 0200078. 2200579. 4201080.

6201581. 0The scatter graph below shows the relationship between the life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands and the year (1980-2015).(Scatter) Graph 1: Life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (1980-2015) (Scatter) Graph 1. 1: Life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (1980-2015) (zoomed in with best-fit line) This graph shows that there is a strong positive correlation between the x and y values.

This means that when the x-value increases (a year goes by), the y-value increases as well. This can be proved by calculating r, which is positive 0. 979.

To determine the strength of the correlation, which means how strongly one variable affects the other, I must calculate r2, which is 0. 9584 in this data’s case. The data plotted on the scatter graph (see: graph 1 and graph 1. 1) follows the best fit line fairly well. There do not seem to be any visible outliers in this data set, but this can also be proved using an equation. IQR = Interquartile rangeIQR = Q3–Q1Now using the life expectancy at birth data: Q1 = (8+1)/4 = 2. 25th number = 76. 9Q3 = (3×(8+1))/4 = 6.

75th number = 79. 7IQR = 79. 7-76. 9         = 2. 8 yearsNow to find if there are any outliers: Lower fence: Q1 – IQR × 1.

5 = 72. 7Upper fence: Q3 + IQR × 1. 5 = 83. 9As the lower fence is smaller than the lowest data in the data set for life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (75. 7> 72. 7), and the upper fence is larger than the highest data in the data set for life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (81. 0 <83.

9), there are no outliers in this data set. Graph 2: Life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (1980-2015) Box & Whisker Plot This data has no outliers, and has a very strong and steady positive correlation between the x and y values. This is because the Netherlands is one of the leading countries in Europe in the field of medicine with 2 universities ranked in the top 30 in the world for the subject medicine, and 2 universities following behind in the top 60 of the world. (“ QS World University Rankings by Subject 2016 – Medicine.”)For healthcare in general, the Netherlands was ranked number one in Europe, due to many factors.

One of the reasons healthcare is so successful in the Netherlands is that more and more Dutch residents have been learning and speaking English, making it easier for foreigners to access healthcare easily as there is less of a language barrier. The Netherlands also puts a lot of importance on health insurance, so much so that it’s mandatory to have in the Netherlands. Dutch residents spend around 1, 200 euros on health insurance each year. (“ Healthcare in the Netherlands.”)Predicting the life expectancy at birth for the years 1950, 2025, and 2050To get a prediction as to what the life expectancy at birth would be for the year 1950, 2025, and 2050, you must extrapolate the values from the best fit line according to the x-values, as those are the values that you already know. According to the best-fit-line, in 1950 the life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands would be 70. 7 years, in 2025 the life expectancy at birth would be 82.

5 years, and in 2050 the life expectancy at birth would be 86. 5. However, in 1950 there was a Cold War going on, which means that there were a lot of young male soldier dying on the battlefield, affecting the average data greatly and unfairly, as they didn’t die of health issues but of manslaughter. This was was the reason that there is not much data on the life expectancy and the years of schooling, for example, as it was such a hectic and tough period in history to be able to collect valid and reliable data. Also, with the way technology is said to be in the future, it is unknown if we will have some form of technology to lengthen our life expectancy or to allow us to live an immortal life. It is always difficult to give reliable predictions for the future as it is unknown what events might occur at that point in time in the future. Graph 3: Life expectancy at birth in the Netherlands (1980-2015) scatter graph with best-fit-line  The GNI per capita (Gross national income) is the dollar value of a country’s income in a year divided by the country’s population. This gives a good overview of the average income of the citizens in a certain country.

The table below shows the GNI per capita in the Netherlands between 1980 and 2015. Table 1: GNI per capita in the Netherlands (1980-2015)YearGNI per capita in the Netherlands198026145198526979199030365199535209200040063200541066201042294201542397The scatter graph below shows the relationship between the GNI per capita in the Netherlands and the year (1980-2015).(Scatter) Graph 1: GNI per capita in the Netherlands (1980-2015) This graph shows that there is a very strong positive correlation between the x and y values, as the best fit line seems to be going up almost completely vertically. This means that when the x-value increases (a year goes by), the y-value increases as well. The data plotted on the scatter graph (see: graph 4) follows the best fit line seemingly perfectly, but you can always check for outliers with the same equation as with the life expectancy data: IQR = Interquartile rangeIQR = Q3–Q1Now to find if there are any outliers: Lower fence: Q1 – IQR × 1. 5 = 19701. 5Upper fence: Q3 + IQR × 1. 5 = 92205.

5As the lower fence is smaller than the lowest data in the data set for GNI per capita in the Netherlands (26, 145> 19701. 5), and the upper fence is larger than the highest data in the data set for GNI per capita in the Netherlands (42, 397 <92205. 5), there are no outliers in this data set. Graph 5: GNI per capita in the Netherlands (1980-2015) Box & Whisker Plot This data has no outliers, and has a very strong and steady positive correlation between the x and y values. The reason for this is that the Netherlands has the 4th most wealthy population in the world.

This is mainly due to the world famous harbor in Rotterdam which brings in hundreds of millions of euros each year through trade, exporting, and foreign investments. Many countries rely heavily on this port in the Netherlands, especially Germany for example, who uses that port in Rotterdam to transport their goods very regularly. This kind of trade has always been part of the Netherlands, for example the VOC which was also and economical breakthrough at the time. (“ Why Is the Netherlands so Rich?”)Predicting the GNI per capita for the years 1950, 2025, and 2050To get a prediction as to what the GNI per capita would be for the year 1950, 2025, and 2050, you must extrapolate the values from the best fit line according to the x-values, as those are the values that you already know. According to the best-fit-line, in 1950 the GNI per capita in the Netherlands was be 9656, in 2025 the GNI per capita would be 50447, and in 2050 the GNI per capita would be 63976. However, in 1950 there was the Cold War, which dramatically affected the economic standing of the residents in the Netherlands. A GNI of 9656 is extremely unrealistic when taking the time period and the events that took place in that year into account. The Cold War was was the reason that there is not much data on the GNI per capita and life expectancy at birth, for example, as it was such a hectic and tough period in history to be able to collect valid and reliable data.

Citations:” A Peaceful Europe – the Beginnings of Cooperation – European Union – European Commission.” European Union, 9 May 2017, europa. eu/european-union/about-eu/history/1945-1959_en.

“ Healthcare in the Netherlands.” Healthcare | Expatica the Netherlands, www. expatica. com/nl/healthcare/Healthcare-in-the-Netherlands_100057. html. “ QS World University Rankings by Subject 2016 – Medicine.

” Top Universities, 22 Nov. 2016, www. topuniversities. com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2016/medicine.” Why Is the Netherlands so Rich?” Tourist Maker, www. touristmaker. com/blog/why-is-the-netherlands-so-rich/.

Thank's for Your Vote!
The between the x and y values. this. Page 1
The between the x and y values. this. Page 2
The between the x and y values. this. Page 3
The between the x and y values. this. Page 4
The between the x and y values. this. Page 5
The between the x and y values. this. Page 6
The between the x and y values. this. Page 7

This work, titled "The between the x and y values. this" was written and willingly shared by a fellow student. This sample can be utilized as a research and reference resource to aid in the writing of your own work. Any use of the work that does not include an appropriate citation is banned.

If you are the owner of this work and don’t want it to be published on AssignBuster, request its removal.

Request Removal
Cite this Essay

References

AssignBuster. (2022) 'The between the x and y values. this'. 2 January.

Reference

AssignBuster. (2022, January 2). The between the x and y values. this. Retrieved from https://assignbuster.com/the-between-the-x-and-y-values-this/

References

AssignBuster. 2022. "The between the x and y values. this." January 2, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/the-between-the-x-and-y-values-this/.

1. AssignBuster. "The between the x and y values. this." January 2, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/the-between-the-x-and-y-values-this/.


Bibliography


AssignBuster. "The between the x and y values. this." January 2, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/the-between-the-x-and-y-values-this/.

Work Cited

"The between the x and y values. this." AssignBuster, 2 Jan. 2022, assignbuster.com/the-between-the-x-and-y-values-this/.

Get in Touch

Please, let us know if you have any ideas on improving The between the x and y values. this, or our service. We will be happy to hear what you think: [email protected]