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The and johnson’s because they wanted equality

The Civil War that last for four years 1861- 1865 was followed by three main reconstruction plans Lincoln’s 10% plan, Andrew Johnson’s plan, and the Radical Republicans plan. Lincoln’s plan allowed confederate states come back into the Union if each of that states had 10 percent of its people pledged loyalty and that each state that would come back into the Union would have to make slavery illegal. While Lincoln was trying to be more sympathetic towards ex-confederate states, Johnson’s plan would forgive most of the southern people it would prevent confederate leaders from ever running for anything in government offices, unless they got a personal pardon from the president himself. When Lincoln applied his 10 percent plan the Radicals thought he was being to nice to the confederates so they passed what was Wade Davison Bill of 1864 which stated that the confederate states could only rejoin the Union if 50 percent of voters pledged their loyalty to the Union. The Radicals also tried to gain as much power in congress so they override Johnson’s vetoes which they did and they did so they can protect the rights of the African American. The Radicals even extended Freedmen’s Bureau which gave newly freed blacks education, legal rights, medical care and food. Lincoln and Johnson both had similar plans, but Johnson wanted to punish the south more than Lincoln did, Johnson was more towards the south’s side because he did not recognize many black people as one of them. Abraham Lincoln just wanted to bring back the southern states as fast as he could because he feared that they would secede again, eventually secession was made illegal after the war.

The Radical’s plan differed from Lincoln’s and Johnson’s because they wanted equality for all black people, along with 40 acres of land and a mule so they can start their newly freed lives, congress did not allow this because it was too much land to give away. The radicals also wanted to apply the iron clad oath which prohibited any ex- confederate to join in anything having to do with politics. They offered more protection to ex- slaves while Johnson offered very little protection for them. The southerners did not respond well  to these plans because they always found ways around the amendments, and the Freedmen’s Bureau. The southerners created the Ku Klux Klan in 1866 in which white supremacist would threaten any black people who was going to vote and they would burn down black schools, along with their churches. The south created black codes and grandfather clauses; the black codes would prevent black people from being in a group with 3 or more people, it reduce that amount of work they were able to do, it prevented them from being living in certain areas, and it would prohibit them owning any weapon including a stick unless you were in the military, while the grandfather clauses prevented black people from voting if their grandfathers were not citizens which of course made the voting go down because more black peoples grandfathers were slaves.

In the end reconstruction failed because although the freed blacks were given the same rights as white people they were never really free because southerners would still find ways to hurt them. The reconstruction plans did bring some rights to black people, because they were now able to get education and some even joined politics after the black codes like running for different roles in congress, the senate, or the supreme court.

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