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Philosophers

Introduction There have been many very important philosophers in the past that have made great contributions to the way we live life today. Majority of those mentioned and recognized were men, women at one point in history were not recognized the way men were. Socrates was a male philosopher who was very successful in his philosophical analogies. Hypatia was a female whom was also a great philosopher and she too was also very successful in her philosophical analogies. We will present two very successful philosophers with many great contributions that they have left in their legacy.

And we will also present points stating why women should have been recognized when they made great accomplishments contributing to the philosophical society the same way that male philosophers have. (Are we comparing Socrates from hypatia or are we arguing why we think women should have recognized just as much as the men I believe we can do a comparison in a sense of what early Greek men and women personally contributed to the world of philosophy. An answer to the argument would be that during this era women philosophers were not granted political rights in a male dominated world, attributed to early Greek culture and customs of that era. In our opinion, women philosophers should have been recognized for major contributions just as much as men.)Socrates Socrates was born in Athens, Greece 469 BC and Died 399 BC.

Socrates father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and his mother Phaenarete a midwife. The young Socrates; almost nothing is known of the childhood of Socrates but it can be assumed from his later display of learning the he attended the schools of Athens until he entered military service at age eighteen. He was a soldier, stone cutter, and a sculptor. Philosopher and Teacher; Socrates devoted most of his adult life to the development of philosophy and to teaching those followers who attached themselves to his dialogue discussion groups. His devotion to ethics, developed inductive method of reasoning, rationalism he believed man was capable of arriving at truth through the use of reasoning. Socrates remains, as he was in his lifetime an enigma, an inscrutable in individual who despite having written nothing is considered one of the few philosophers who forever changed how philosophy itself was to be conceived. A gifted thinker of ancient Athens who helped laid the foundation of western philosophy. His life is widely considered paradigmatic (of or relating to a typical example; “ paradigmatic learning) for philosophic life and more generally, how anyone ought to live, Socrates has been encumbered with admiration and emulation normally reserved for founders of religious sects, Jesus or Buddha.

Socrates could be found in the market place conversing with a variety of different people with anyone he could persuade to join him in his question and answer mode of probing serious matters. His lifework consisted in the examination of peoples lives, his own and others, he??™s belief is ??? the unexamined life is not worth living for a human being???. Socrates pursued these tasks questioning people about what matters most, e.

g. courage, love, reverence, moderation, and state of their souls. He had a reputation for irony; Socrates irony consisted in his saying that he knew nothing of importance and wanted to listen to others, yet keeping the upper hand in every discussion.

Athens became the classroom of Socrates. He went about asking questions of authorities and of man in street in order to arrive at political and ethical truths through definition, analysis and generalizations. He wrote no books, his philosophy is known through the writings of historians and of his students, and especially through the writings of Plato. Socrates was not concerned with metaphysical questions. He believed that philosophy should achieve practical results in a form greater well being for man the individual and man kind as a society.

Hence, the proper study of philosophy is man. In pursuit of this study, Socrates interests were centered in ethics and politics. He attempted to establish an ethical system based upon human reason rather than upon theological directives. Socrates asserted that the highest good for any human being is happiness.

Whatever action man chooses is motivated by his desire for happiness. Knowledge, virtue, and wisdom are all the same, since man chooses an action according to what he thinks will bring him the greatest happiness. Therefore the more a man knows, the greater his ability to reason out the correct choice and choose those actions which bring happiness to him. The highest knowledge is possessed by that individual who truly knows himself. He believed knowledge constitutes ultimate wisdom.

It enables man to act in a virtuous manner at all times, because he knows what will bring him true happiness. In politics, Socrates did not approve of tyranny or of democracy. He believed that the best form of government was one held by an individual possessing the greatest ability, knowledge and virtue. The contributions of Socrates to education were: Problem centered, begins with a problem which must be analyzed, e. g. ??? What is your opinion about the nature of politics??? Student Experience, the student responds on the basis of his own knowledge. Critical thinking, the student is held responsible for his statements.

The emphasis is upon the thinking processes of the student, who must think for himself and accept the consequences of his logic. Some of the famous men who studied with Socrates were: Plato considered one of the greatest philosophers in history of civilized man. Alcibiades, a military genius. Aristippus, founder of the Cyrenaic school of hedonism. Xenophon, a military leader and historian. Crito, on of the wealthiest men in Athens.

Socrates at age seventy, was brought to trial on charges that he was an atheist and corrupter of youth. He was found guilty and was sentenced to death. On order of his judges, drank poison hemlock and died. Hypatia of Alexandria Hypatia was born in Alexandria, her exact date of birth is unknown due to lack of paper evidence, although it is approximated to be around 355-370 AD.

The only known education that Hypatia received was from her father Theon, whom was a mathematician at the museum in Alexandria. She was known to have studied and wrote texts on astronomy, astrology, mathematics, science, philosophy, religion, poetry and the arts, and is credited with various inventions. Some believe that she may have traveled to Athens to study but there is no solid evidence of this occurrence. Hypatia had many accomplishments and she was also an inventor of several different tools such devices as the astrolabe, planebsphere, hydrometers, and gyroscopes (should we add the definitions of the tools and what they were used for) that scientist in today??™s time still use, although her main focus of study was math. She was killed by a mob in 415 AD. The cause is unknown although it is said that she was beaten with pieces of broken pottery, stripped, and dragged through the streets of Alexandria. Conclusion STATE OUR CLAIM, REWORD OUR POINT AND EXPLAIN WHY WE CAME TO THIS CONCLUSION.

ReferenceSocrates. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy published Friday Sep 16, 2005, Revised Nov 7, 2009. http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/socratesSignificance of Socrates, retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www. cals. ncsu. edu/agexed/aee501/socrates.

htmlLost Scrolls of Alexandria. (n. d.). Retrieved July 24, 2010, from http://www.

freewebs. com/alexandria_library/hypatiaofalexandria. htmState, E. P.

(2009). Famous Women in Science and Mathematics. Retrieved July 24, 2010, from Expanding your Horizons Network: http://www. expandingyourhorizons. org/girls/history. php^ a b c d 4000 years of women in science: listing by century (accessed July 27, 2010)

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