Actually, human rights were declared by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 10th December 1948. This declaration is known as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or UDHR. As deduction, it urges its members to uphold assorted human rights such as economic rights, civil rights and societal rights. Besides, this declaration has focus to the right to make worldwide freedom, justness and peace. In concurrence, many intense arguments were held to discourse harmonizing to attempts to set up Torahs related with this declaration. Finally, after long hr arguments, two international understandings have been agreed that is International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Another 1 is International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Thus, states that have signed the understanding including Muslim states, they should endeavor the human rights listed in the both understandings.
Unfortunately, some people disagreed harmonizing to the proviso listed in both understandings. For illustration, in the twelvemonth 1981, Said Rajaie-Khorassani who is Iran ‘ s representative to the Organization of the United Nations commented that the UDHR was based on a secular apprehension of the Judeo-christian traditions. Some of the apprehensions are inappropriate to be implemented by Muslims because go againsting Islamic Torahs. Besides, Muslim-majority states frequently criticized the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for neglecting to concentrate on the cultural and spiritual of Muslim-majority states. As alternate, Organization Islamic Conference or OIC was officially launched the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam on 30th June 2000. This new declaration stated that people merely bask the freedom and the right to populate with regard in conformity Islamic Shariah jurisprudence.
In add-on, UDHR besides was non merely differ by some non-Muslims. For case, the U. S. representative to the Organization of the United Nations, Jeane Kirkpatrick said that certain UDHR commissariats non in line with human day-to-day life. For illustration, Article 26 of UDHR fosters the thought of cosmopolitan free instruction, and sometimes scoffingly as the right to coerce person else to finance others kids ‘ s instruction. Another job is the right to portion ain belongings with others was resisted by anti-corporate militants. Following job is the right to get married different faith and religion were opposed by Muslim bookmans. In brief, evidently many worldwide human rights in Universal Declaration of Human Rights are violates spiritual rights. Presently, there are many utmost human rights thoughts are introduced by some person or organisation to act upon people ‘ s head and religion.
The chief political orientation is to endeavoring extreme freedom which is vividly contradicts human nature harmonizing to spiritual rights. Basically, freedom is acceptable by everyone and portion of human rights but must non beyond the bound. From twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours, freedom issues go more serious and affect societies ‘ head around the universe regardless of their ethnics, civilizations, and spiritual. Besides that, engineering promotion aids to distribute their philosophies to society in a short clip. The innovators were come from different backgrounds and lead to hold different sentiments and positions. However, the chief point is to uphold right of freedom. Unfortunately, their mentions and ways to show freedom largely based on human ideas and ignore spiritual guidelines. Examples of these issues are freedom of address, freedom of association and freedom of look.
First, freedom of address or besides known besides as freedom of sentiment is related to rights to talk without bound or censoring. It besides action to seek, have and leave information or thoughts irrespective of the medium used. Furthermore, these rights are outlined in Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and People ‘ s Rights. Harmonizing to international criterions, freedom of address including address, composing, printing, or through the Internet and art signifiers.
Second, freedom of associationA was defined as theA single rightA to fall in other persons and jointly express, promote, pursue and support common involvements. This has been included in a figure of national fundamental laws and human rights statute law such as United States Bill of Rights, A European Convention on Human RightsA and theA Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In add-on, The Supreme Court has determined that the United States Constitution asserts two cardinal rights of free association which are a right of intimate association and a right to tie in for expressive basically spiritual or political intents.
Third, freedom of look known as rightA to show one’sA ideasA andA opinionsA freely through address, A authorship and other communicating mediumA but without intentionally causingA harmA to other byA falseA or misleadingA statements. A It was outlined in Article 11 and Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights ( ECHR ) . The exercising of these freedoms may be capable to such formalities, conditions, limitations or punishments as are prescribed by jurisprudence and are necessary in a democratic society, in the involvements of national security, territorial unity or public safety, for the bar of upset or offense, for the protection of wellness or ethical motives, for the protection of the repute or rights of others, for forestalling the revelation of information received in assurance, or for keeping the authorization and nonpartisanship of the bench.
4. 1 FREEDOM OF SPEECH ISSUES
4. 1. 1 IRSHAD MANJI THOUGHTS
Irshad Manji is known as broad Muslim mind who turn toing the thought of aˆ‹aˆ‹freedom on faith to other Muslims. Besides that, her book entitled ‘ The Trouble with Islam Today ‘ and ‘ Allah, Liberty and Love ‘ including many confusing and deviated from Islamic Law. However, in Western states, her thoughts can be accepted because freedom is one of the human right and each person has right to indicate out his or her sentiments. In add-on, she really does n’t hold really deep cognition and skill toward the Al-Quran reading and this action will take to inaccurate reading.
Harmonizing to her, the Al-Quran itself already explained that every homo is created by Allah. Thus, homosexual and tribade besides same because they besides are human created by Allah. She merely referred this fact from verse 13 of Surah Al-Hujurat: “ O world, certainly We have created you from a male and a female, and made you folks and households that you may cognize each other. Surely the noblest of you with Allah is the most duteous of you. Surely Allah is Most Knowledgeable and Most Aware. ”
In Islam, Allah is the Most Knowing and He created all things that are good and bad. He asked human to make good workss and ignores all bad workss. At the same clip, He gives pick to people to have pleasance wages or terrible penalty harmonizing to their behavior itself. Therefore, Irshad Manji ‘ s statement is wholly incorrect. It is true homosexual and tribade was created by Allah but He besides prohibits people to follow this eldritch life style. As prove, Allah has recorded the narrative of people who opposes Prophet Luth and they involves in bisexual activities. Allah mentioned it in verse 80-81 of Surah Al-A’raf: “ And ( We sent ) Luth, when he said to his people: Do you perpetrate an abomination which no 1 in the universe did before you? Surely you come to males with lust alternatively of females. Nay, you are a people transcending bounds. ”
As consequence, Allah sent a terrible penalty to them because their bad actions by contraries down their land and until now it become as the Dead Sea. This penalty was mentioned in verse 82 of Surah Hud: “ So when Our edict came to go through, We turned them upside down, and rained on them rocks, as decreed, one after another. ” Therefore, it is really unsafe if freedom of address allows each people to show their sentiment beyond the bound. As Muslim, our chief mentions are Al-Quran and As-Sunnah as counsel in day-to-day life. Every poetry must be understand clearly and must be interpret as a whole to avoid misunderstanding.
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‘ The Trouble with Islam ‘ book ‘ Allah, Liberty & A ; Love ‘ book
After that, Irshad Manji besides has rejected Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence. She merely accepted the Al-Quran as usher in life. For her, religion is a really personal affair between a Muslim and his Godhead. She added it is a unique relationship which strength beginning for Islamic bookmans to go great single and maestro a assortment of cognition. In add-on, she admitted that construct of ijtihad is non from the Al-Quran but Muslims bookman creative activity after Al-Quran was revealed. Harmonizing to her, Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence are human innovation and homo are non perfect. Therefore, both Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence besides are non perfect. Her mention is on verse 54 of Surah Ar-Rum: “ Allah is He Who created you from a province of failing, so He gave strength after failing, so ordained failing and grey hair after strength. He creates what He pleases, and He is the Knowing, the Powerful. ” In add-on, she referred to versify 28 of Surah An-Nisa: “ Allah desires to do light your loads, and adult male is created weak ” .
This uncomplete reading will confound other individual and affect Muslims religion particularly who are unrecorded in really modern states. From both poetries, it told adult male is weak and non told adult male is non perfect. There is large difference between weak and perfect footings. Harmonizing to Irshad Manji, homo is non perfect merely. Actually, human is the best Allah creative activity harmonizing to verse 4 of Surah At-Tin: “ Surely We created adult male in the best brand ” . So, if human is the best animal, their creative activity besides is the best among others Allah creative activity. Furthermore, hadith come from Prophet Muhammad who is the best adult male in the universe. He is well-known as ‘ al-amin ‘ ( credible ) and ‘ maksum ‘ ( protected from make something harmonizing his desire and everything is the will of Allah ) . He was besides called ‘ Rasulullah ‘ which means The Messenger of Allah.
Sing to her rejection toward Hadith, it is unacceptable in Islam due to Muslims chief resources are Al-Quran which words from Allah and another one As-Sunnah which closely related to Hadith. Both sunnah and Hadiths are from Prophet Muhammad. From Abu Hurairah from the Prophet that he said: “ I am go forthing among you two things you will ne’er travel astray every bit long as you adhere to them, there are the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet ” . Other than that, Allah besides said in verse 7 of Surah Al-Hasyr: “ Whatever Allah restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger, and for the near of family and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, so that it be non taken by bends by the rich among you. And whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain ( at that place from ) ; and maintain your responsibility to Allah. Surely Allah is Severe in requital ” . Therefore, if Irshad Manji believes to the Al-Quran, she must acknowledge this poetry as a mark importance of Hadith.
Irshad Manji used freedom of address as platform to show her address toward others. She evidently upholds rights which contradict Islamic jurisprudence. She is broad, sapphic and open-minded women’s rightist who taking to the apprehension of Islam reformer that more unfastened and make bolding from normal imposts and wonts. Besides that, she was practising something without cognition and it was condemned by Allah. As Muslim, she should follow existent Syariah guidelines to show her sentiment toward freedom. Harmonizing to Sheikh Abdurrahman bin Qasim An-Najdi Allaah: “ Practice is the fruit of cognition. Knowledge is sought in order to accomplish something else. Knowledge likes a tree whereas the pattern likes a fruit. So after cognizing Islam instructions, must attach to it with pattern because people who have knowledge but non pattern it are worse than stupid. ”
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Presentation to reject her talk Her plan was cancelled instantly
4. 1. 2 AMINA WADUD THOUGHTS
Amina Wadud was change overing to Islam in the twelvemonth 1972. During her survey, she surveies Arabic Advance at the American University, and the Qur’an and Tafsir Studies at the University of Cairo, every bit good as classs in doctrine at the University of Al-Azhar. In the twelvemonth 1988, she gained PhD in Arabic and Islamic Studies from the University of Michigan.
After finish her survey, she has written a book called “ Qur’an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman ‘ s Perspective ” . This book became celebrated mention for gender militants and academic research workers around the universe. After printing her first book, she frequently makes talks at the universities around the universe. Then, she produced 2nd book called “ Inside the Gender Jihad: Women ‘ s Reform in Islam. ” In this book, she disagree a few the Al-Quran poetries and penalty methods in the Al-Quran. So, she introduced new method to construe Al-Qur’an viz. :
1 ) Literal reading of the Quranic text
2 ) Argument restraining how verse applies
3 ) Interpretation from new point of position
4 ) Reject Al-Quran when person disagree
Then, she actively urges Muslim adult females to contend for gender justness as they reclaim their right to be peers like work forces. It means Moslem adult females should be given more right and freedom as received by work forces. Subsequently, she believes that Islam needs to be freed from male domination, conservative scholarship to adequately address issues of human rights and gender equality. However, her idea is really far from Islamic rules which ne’er differentiate between work forces and adult females position.
In Islam, a undertaking range may different but both genders bear equal duties based on single abilities. This equality has been clearly explained by Allah in verse 35 of Surah Al-Ahzab: “ Surely the work forces who submit and the adult females who submit, and the believing work forces and the believing adult females, and the obeying work forces and the obeying adult females, and the true work forces and the true adult females, and the patient work forces and the patient adult females, and the low work forces and the low adult females, and the charitable work forces and the charitable adult females, and the fasting work forces and the fasting adult females, and the work forces who guard their celibacy and the adult females who guard, and the work forces who remember Allah much and adult females who remember Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a mighty wages. ”
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‘ Qur’an and Woman ‘ book ‘ Inside the Gender Jihad ‘ book
Another issue arose by Amina Wadud was she became as ‘ imam ‘ for Friday pray in St. John the Divine Church on 18th March in New York. This Friday pray was attended by 100 work forces and adult females and they were assorted together in a row. Besides that, she besides recited the discourse. Her action is interrupting Islamic tradition because merely work forces can be leader in adult male congregational pray. In fact, the church was allowed her to execute it after three mosques refused to be a locale. It shows non-Muslims took this chance to degrade Islam by confounding people around the universe. By freedom of address, they are pull stringsing broad Muslims to oppose Islam tradition Torahs. From Western position, Islam does n’t appreciate the adult females place, curtail their freedom, unjust and recognizes them as second-class. Therefore, they assume Islam is the chief obstruction to gender equality.
However, history recorded that the whole human folks insult adult females before the coming of Islam. For case, Grecian people considered adult females as a agency of convenience merely and Roman people gave rights to beget or conserve to sell his married woman and girl. In ancient Arab tradition, they gave the right to son to inherit his male parent ‘ s married woman ( his ain female parent ) . Then, adult females besides do non acquire the right of inheritor and non entitled to ain belongings. Then Islam came up against all signifiers of subjugation and ensures whole human rights. To work out this job, Allah mentioned the right manner to handle adult females in the poetry 19 of Surah An-Nisa: “ O you who believe, it is non lawful for you to take adult females as heritage against ( their ) will. Nor should you distress them by taking portion of what you have given them, unless they are guilty of manifest indecency. And handle them kindly. Then if you hate them, it may be that you dislike a thing while Allah has placed abundant good in it. ” Furthermore, Prophet besides frequently reminds Moslems to appreciate adult females. From Muslim narrated that Rasulullah said: “ I bequeath to you to be sort to the ladies. ” These verse and Hadith shows that Islam ne’er ignore adult females rights.
Following issue is action of Amina Wadud became ‘ imam ‘ and read discourse on Friday pray has been criticized by Muslim bookmans. In Islam, supplication is non common ceremonial and non to blend between work forces and adult females. In Islam, pray is worship that requires full concentration of head, feeling and low entry to Allah. Thus, Islam sets certain regulations for Muslims to idolize to Allah in orderly and courteously to accomplish bless from Allah. For congregational pray ordinance of male and female, Prophet said: “ The best rows for work forces are the first rows, and the worst rows are last rows, and the best rows for adult females are the back row and the worst rows are the first rows ‘ . This Hadith was narrated by Muslim.
Islam allows adult females to go ‘ imam ‘ of the adult females fold pray merely. Harmonizing to Abu Dawud and Al-Hakim narrated that: “ The Prophet ordered Ummu Waraqah to go ‘ imam ‘ for the residents of her house. ” Other than that, Prophet of Muhammad encourages adult females to pray at house instead than mosque. This order in line with Hadith narrated by Bukhari which The Prophet said: “ The best supplications for adult females are in the room of her house. ” Then, adult females ‘ imam ‘ place besides is in the first row adjacent to the adult females fold. It is different from adult male which ‘ imam ‘ is in forepart of fold.
When work forces and adult females are in fold pray, one adult male must go ‘ imam ‘ and followed by work forces fold. After that, adult females fold is at the dorsum of work forces fold. This is the basic status stipulated by Syariah Torahs and adult females ne’er become leader for work forces in fold pray. This state of affairs occurs due to Islam recognizes work forces as leader for adult females. As Allah said in verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa: “ Work force are defenders and upholders of adult females because Allah has prefer some for work forces over adult females. ” Therefore, the Al-Quran and Hadith already told the grounds why adult females should non go ‘ imam ‘ for work forces in fold supplication. Islam besides gives appropriate freedom for adult females to protect their self-respect and place in conformity to human nature. Allah is the Most Knowing and He creates something with possible grounds.
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Aminah Wadud ‘ s fold Friday pray and discourse delivered by her
4. 2 FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION ISSUES
4. 2. 1 HOMOSEXUAL ASSOCIATION
TheA International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual and Intersex AssociationA ( ILGA ) is an international organisation which connects about 750A LGBTIA groups around the universe. On 8th August 1978, ILGA was formed as theA International Gay AssociationA ( IGA ) during the conference inA Campaign for Homosexual EqualityA in Coventry, England. Then, it changed its name to theA International Lesbian and Gay AssociationA ( ILGA ) in the twelvemonth 1986. By the name of freedom of association, ILGA was formed even though their nonsubjective clearly non parallel with normal human nature. The mission is the formation of sapphic, homosexual, bisexual and transgender ( LGBT ) society who able to bask the rights of privateness, equality and freedom of address, look and association. It was considered utmost human rights that violate spiritual rights particularly Islamic Syariah Torahs.
Under sub-branch called American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU ) , they launched ‘ Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender Project ‘ . This association is really active in runing LGBT rightsA on the international human rightsA andA civil rights. Ultimately, ILGA was accepted as a non-governmental organisation ( NGO ) at the United Nations. Automatically, ILGA are allowed to go to UN conferences and events, submit written statements, make unwritten intercessions, and host panels in UN edifices. With this authorization, ILGA was involved in confederation to guarantee World Health OrganizationA to drop homosexualism from list of factors that contributes to unwellnesss. Obviously, ILGA is advancing free sex, and unnatural sex as homosexual and tribade. Harmonizing to Islamic laws, these activities clearly contradict Islamic instructions. In add-on, these vividly opposite human nature and civilisation and was forbid by all faiths in the universe.
Lesbian, homosexual, bisexual and transsexual are called homosexual and it is adultery. In Islam, criminal conversation is illegal act which hated by Allah if done among His retainers. This is due to adultery can do inauspicious effects to human life in the long term and destruct society life construction. In Islamic history, these unnatural activities are likewise follows pre-Islamic homosexual communities. There are Sodom people during Prophet Luth and Tsamud people during Prophet Salleh. Allah sent both His couriers to these communities because there are far off from spiritual values brought by anterior Prophetss. Both communities are involved in homosexual activities and the Prophets advice them to go forth these activities and return to existent manner of life. Unfortunately, there are really obstinate and non afraid with warning told by prophesier to them earlier. Finally, they were destroyed by Allah by awful catastrophes.
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Archeology of Sodom community Tsamud ‘ s antediluvian edifices
Presently, ACLU ensures that each LGBT members have equal chance to take part in society. Their members may hold experience favoritism in employment, lodging, concerns, general topographic points, or the limitation of their privateness and look. In rearing range, ACLU applied new policies and Torahs to let qualified and caring LGBT members to further rearing or following childs. They besides strive to alter Torahs or patterns that interfere to relationships between homosexual or sapphic parents and their kids. Besides that, ACLU besides strives to obtain full acknowledgment of matrimony for similar gender twosomes through every province and federal governments. They believe that all LGBT members should hold the freedom to construct more personal and intimate relationships through matrimony. For them, it is their right as human and they have freedom toward their rights.
However, Islamic household establishment Torahs non allowed matrimony with same gender to organize a household. In normal human nature, a adult male will get married with a adult female as spouse in his life. This fact is acceptable because Allah created male and female as complement between each other. This fact can be strongly supported by grounds in verse 49 of Surah Az-Zariyat, Allah said: “ And of everything We have created braces that you may be aware ” . This poetry explains an of import for human to get married different gender for better and first-class hereafter. Man is pair with adult female to carry through their several desires. Furthermore, this poetry can be connected to versify 1 of Surah An-Nisa: “ O people, maintain your responsibility to your Lord, Who created you from a individual being and created its mate of the same ( sort ) , and spread from these two many work forces and adult females. And maintain your responsibility to Allah, by whom you demand one of another ( your rights ) , and ( to ) the ties of relationship. Surely Allah is of all time a Watcher over you ” . Therefore, same gender relationship upholds by LGBT is unacceptable by Moslems due to it is non in conformity with Allah bid.
Other than that, their young person and school plan attempt to do public schools and other establishment safe and justness for LGBT childs and instructors. To set up this end, UCLA work together with LGBT instructors and pupils to contend for their free look, to set up LGBT society at school degree, and to guarantee that these childs are allowed to go to any school activities. They believe that all pupils should be taught to esteem their sexual orientation and gender individuality. However, as Muslims, we should restraint this association to distribute it ideas into another Muslims head. It is invalid association because it end perfectly against human nature. However, it has already exists now in Western states and sharply highlight it ideologies based on freedom of association.
There are some groundss from the Al-Quran and Hadith that forbid on criminal conversation, homosexual and sapphic. In verse 165 and 166 of Surah As-Shuara: “ Do you come to the males from among the animals, and go forth your married womans whom your Lord has created for you? Nay, you are a people transcending bounds ” . Islam already provides adult females for work forces to carry through their sex desire. Through matrimony, it is allowed for adult male as hubby to hold sex with his married woman. It is non through homosexual and sapphic civilizations which ruin human self-respect. In one Hadith, Rasulullah said: “ Whoever is perpetrating criminal conversation and imbibing intoxicant, Allah has deprived his religion as undress his apparels through the caput ” . It was narrated by Hakim from Abu Hurairah.
Besides that, Allah have warned in verse 2 of Surah An-Nur: ” The fornicatress and the fornicator, flog each of them ( with ) a 100 chevrons, and allow non commiseration for them detain you from obeisance to Allah, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day, and allow a party of trusters witness their castigation ” . It shows Islam really rigorous toward these issues by imposed heavy penalty to forestall human from involves in these negative actions. Subsequently, in Hadith narrated by Al-Bayhaqi from Abu Musa, Rasulullah said: “ If a adult male came to one another ( sodomized ) so they both are fornicators, and if a adult female came to other adult females ( sapphic ) so they both are fornicators ” .
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Presentations to against homosexual and LGBT activities
4. 2. 2 INTERNATIONAL FEMINIST MOVEMENT
Presently, there are three chief feminist associations in the universe which are DAW ( Division for the Advancement of Women ) , WLUML ( Women Living under Muslim Laws ) and APLWD ( Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development ) . Actually, the members are including Muslim adult females who uphold feminism political orientations. Feminism is defined as the aggregation of societal theories, political motions, and moral doctrines which concerned the release of adult females in all activities. Their members believe that adult females should have societal equality, political, and economic as possesses by work forces. For them, gender should non be a finding factor to organize societal individuality or socio-political rights.
First association is Division for the Advancement of Women ( DAW ) . In the twelvemonth 2010, the United Nations General Assembly created UN Women during the conference United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. This feminist motion based in the United States and certainly be aided by the United States authorities itself. A few old ages subsequently, UN Women commission formed DAW to concentrate entirely on gender equality. They work for the riddance of favoritism against adult females. They besides concern with adult females place as spouses and donees of development, human rights, human-centered action and peace and security. In add-on, DAW supports the recovery position of adult females at the international degree to accomplish the same degree with work forces.
Basically, the mission of this association to seek freedom is acceptable because adult females ever oppressed by work forces. In Islamic position, this peculiar freedom is really of import to resuscitate their place and to protect their self-respect. In add-on, it is work forces duty to protect adult females when another adult male did something bad toward adult females. However, it is out when the freedom beyond the spiritual restriction. For illustration, DAW members seeking the rights for adult females in Friday pray, become as ‘ qadi ‘ . These petitions are unacceptable due to merely adult male is obliged to go to Friday pray and go a ‘ qadi ‘ .
In Islam, work forces and adult females have different duties and leading depend on several abilities. Man is the leader for adult female in most activities. From Ibnu Umar, he said: “ I heard the Messenger of Allah said: Every one of you is a guardian and every one of you will be questioned about his leading. Chief is a leader and will be questioned about his leading. Males leader to his household and will be questioned about his leading. Females are a leader in the place and will be asked leading. Guardian is a responsible toward depositor belongings and he will besides be asked about his attention. Each of you is a leader and will be asked for his leading. ” This Hadith narrated by Bukhari and Muslim.
Second association is Women Populating under Muslim Laws ( WLUML ) . This is international support association which contributes information and assists Muslims adult females to derive their rights. Presents, it influences has been turning for more than 20 old ages and already covered around 70 states such as Uzbekistan, Senegal, Indonesia, South Africa, Brazil and France. Historically, WLUML constitution began in the twelvemonth 1984 when there were 3 instances affecting the denial of the rights of adult females in some Muslim states. Therefore, 9 adult females from Algeria, Sudan, Iran, Mauritius, Tanzania, Bangladesh and Pakistan established WLUML to resuscitate Muslim adult females ‘ s spirit. They support all attempts that lead to the formation of society that upholds the rule of equality, justness, freedom, and love between homo in a democracy states.
On 18th December 2007, WLUML demanded the UN General Assembly to revoke ‘ Defamation of Religions ‘ declaration which introduced by Organization of the Islamic Conference ( OIC ) . Actually, the ground for OIC to present this declaration is to press the creative activity of Torahs to forestall unfavorable judgment of faith particularly Islam. Besides that, this jurisprudence could be applied to all faiths and all signifiers of belief. However, WLUML disagreed with the declaration because it declaration has the possible to dramatically curtail the freedoms of look, address, faith and belief. Furthermore, it assumes this declaration will hold a negative consequence on national Torahs in several states that already stipulate international pacts on human right.
This state of affairs look really eldritch due to Muslim association itself rejected Torahs proposed to protect Islam. As Muslim, it is duty for them to protect Islamic values and battle anyone who seeking to destruct it. Furthermore, Allah has mentioned that Islam is the right faith in verse 85 of Surah Al-Imran: “ If anyone desires a faith other than Islam ( entry to Allah ) , ne’er will be accepted of him ; and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost ( all spiritual good ) ” . In contrast, WLUML is seen give more precedence to human rights instead spiritual rights to regulate everything in this universe. hypertext transfer protocol: //chongeng. org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/UN-Women-logo1. jpghttp: //esango. un. org/civilsociety/images/daw. gif
United Nation Women functionary logo DAW functionary logo
Third association is Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development ( APLWD ) . APLWD was formed as the consequence of duologue between Asia Pacific adult females who have work as attorneies, scientists and societal militants. This duologue was held in the Third World Women ‘ s Forum in the twelvemonth 1985 at Nairobi, Kenya. Basically, APLWD aim is to utilize statute law authorization to implement adult females ‘ s rights in footings of justness, power, equality and development. After that, this feminist motion held the 2nd meeting in December 1986 and was attended by adult females deputation from Asia part in Tagaytay, Philippines to discourse issues and happen solutions for the subjugation toward adult females.
One of the serious issue can be highlighted by Muslim is APLWD is contending for freedom of abortion on the footing of the rights of adult females and adult females ‘ s privateness. Harmonizing to APLWD, gestation and childbearing is a really painful thing for adult females. In add-on, work forces who cause them pregnant and work forces should bear his action. Therefore, adult females should be given the option to abort because they are non to the full responsible for the foetus. In Islamic position, abortion is a really barbarous action which slaying of guiltless human life. Otherwise, Islam is a faith that guarantees the safety of human life as Allah said in verse 33 of Surah Al-Isra ‘ : “ And do non kill the human that are prohibited by Allah except with right cause. And if anyone is slain wrongfully, We have given his inheritor authorization to avenge. In the interim, it ‘ s non utmost in retaliation slaying, because so it is acquiring full-filled first ( harmonizing to Islamic jurisprudence ) ” .
In add-on, the abortion will cut down the human population in the universe. In general, the younger coevals is an extension of the older coevals. However, if the younger coevals does non be, the universe will lose the hereafter calif that can regulate the universe in the hereafter. Furthermore, if the abortion is allowed on the footing of freedom set by human rights, it shows human rights itself deny the life of the babe. A babe besides human and the lone difference is baby non exist yet in the existent universe like normal human. Therefore, it can be conclude that abortion freedom is meaningless because it is non convey any benefits to human.
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Some of the WLUML members APWLD functionary logo
4. 3 FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION ISSUES
4. 3. 1 THE Production OF FILMS INSULT ISLAM
In the twelvemonth 2004, 47 old ages old Netherlands manager named Theo new wave Gogh had released a movie entitled “ Submission ” . Actually, the movie ‘ s rubric is a direct interlingual rendition from the Arabic word “ Islam ” and the running clip is about 11 proceedingss. Other than that, the book was written by Ayaan Hirsi Ali who a former member of the Dutch House of Representatives for the People ‘ s Party for Freedom and Democracy. This short movie describes Islamic unfairness against the rights of adult females and openly abases the holiness of Islam. In the movie, a adult female have oning a head covering but she have been abused by adult male. Then, her naked organic structure was painted with poetries from the Al-Quran.
The movie dramatically high spots three poetries of the Al-Quran that give authorization to work forces over adult females. First is verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa ‘ : “ Work force are the defenders and upholders of adult females, because Allah has given the one more ( strength ) than the other, and because they support them from their agencies. Therefore the righteous adult females are piously obedient, and guard in ( the hubby ‘ s ) absence what Allah would hold them guard. As to those adult females on whose portion ye fright disloyalty and ill-conduct, warn them ( foremost ) , ( Next ) , garbage to portion their beds, ( And last ) beat them ( lightly ) ; but if they return to obedience, seek non against them Means ( of irritation ) : For Allah is Most High, great ( above you all ) ” .
Second is verse 222 of Surah Al-Baqarah: “ They ask thee refering adult females ‘ s classs. Say: They are a injury and a pollution: So maintain away from adult females in their classs, and do non near them until they are clean. But when they have purified themselves, ye may near them in any mode, clip, or topographic point ordained for you by Allah. For Allah loves those who turn to Him invariably and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean ” .
Third is verse 2 of Surah An-Nur: “ The adult female and the adult male guilty of criminal conversation or fornication, -flog each of them with a 100 chevrons: Let non compassion move you in their instance, in a affair prescribed by Allah, if ye believe in Allah and the Last Day: and allow a party of the Believers witness their penalty ” .
This is a major job when does non construe the Al-Quran as a whole and do non hold deep cognition to construe the Quranic poetries. As consequence, it creates a misinterpretation of the truth of the Al-Quran. Then, through the freedom of look, the parties involved will be allowed openly to reprobate the Al-Quran. One of the ways is through the use of the movie industry which have many mark people and easier to present the message.
In world, Allah ne’er distinguishes between male and female. This is apparent is in verse 195 of Surah Ali-Imran: “ And their Lord hath accepted of them, and answered them: “ Never will I endure to be lost the work of any of you, be the male or female: Ye are members, one of another: Those who have left their places, or been driven out at that place from, or suffered injury in My Cause, or fought or been slain, – verily, I will blot out from them their wickednesss, and acknowledge them into Gardens with rivers fluxing beneath ; – A wages from the presence of Allah, and from His presence is the best of wagess. ” Based on the poetry, clearly shows that Islam does non distinguish adult females and work forces particularly in worship. Each gets a wages with Allah harmonizing to their ain pattern.
Then, a 17 proceedingss movie entitled ‘ Fitna ‘ was broadcasted through the cyberspace on 27th March 2008. This movie was directed by Scarlet Pimpernel and the book besides written by him and Geert Wilders. Currently, Geert Wilders is a Dutch parliament members and he labeled the Prophet Muhammad as a barbaric and pedophilia and declared Islam as fascism. In add-on, he expressed that the Holy Al-Quran are same every bit good as “ Mein Kampf ” book written by Adolf Hitler. The movie efforts to show that the Al-Quran motivates its followings to detest all who violate Islamic instructions. The film shows selected poetries of the Al-Quran and interspersed with media cartridge holders and newspaper film editings that demoing force and hatred.
In response with this instance, the Netherlands Muslim Citizens Association submitted an application to the tribunal to penalize Geert Wilders for dissing Islam and Muslims. Other than that, they besides ordered the movie to be banned. Finally, the Netherlands tribunal declared that Geert Wilders was allowed make unfavorable judgment to Prophet Muhammad and Islam on the land of freedom of look. Otherwise, harmonizing to the Hadith narrated by Muslim: “ Rasulullah SAW character is the Al-Quran ” . It means the Prophet has the highest ethical motives because he has adopted the virtuous commanded in the Al-Quran and he has been left all the defects that have been prohibited in the Al-Quran.
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Cover movie for ‘ Submission ‘ movie Cover movie for ‘ Fitna ‘ movie
Latest, in the twelvemonth 2012, Nakoula Basseley Nakoula has received fund from 100 Judaic altruists to bring forth movie entitled ‘ Innocence of Muslims ‘ which covered the cost of 5 million US dollar. However, he converted his name as Sam Bacile to run off from Muslims fundamentalist. Apart from that, the workers behind the scenes do non cognize anything and admit that the terminal consequence much different than be aftering in front. They pointed out that in the early, rubric of this film is “ Desert Warriors ” and non related to any faith. This film described the Prophet of Muhammad had slept with many adult females, Islam as slaying of kids and the donkey as the first Islam animate being.
Again, this is an effort of Islam enemies to discredit the Prophet Muhammad name. However, harmonizing to Islam history, tallness and moral virtuousnesss of Rasulullah SAW has been acknowledged by his comrades and besides acknowledged by the enemies. To more convincing when Allah insisted in verse 4 of Surah Al-Qalam: “ Verily, you ( O Muhammad ) are on a really general character ( baronial ) ” . Therefore, Allah commands Muslims to follow all the morality of the Prophet Muhammad and do it as a guideline and good illustration. Allah already mentioned in verse 21 of Surah Al-Ahzab: “ so for all of you in the Messenger is an first-class illustration of good ” . After, harmonizing to Hadith narrated by Malik when Rasulullah said: “ Indeed I ( Muhammad ) was sent by Allah Ta’ala for the completion of a baronial action ” .
This movie has received many negative reactions throughout the universe particularly from Muslim states. However, Google does non desire to take the picture because the picture does non go against their commissariats and ordinances. Google assumes this movie as the freedom of look every bit long as no force scenes. In add-on, US spent USD 70, 000 to run advertizement against the picture and shown at seven local Television station in Pakistan. The US President, Barrack Obama and US Foreign Minister, Hillary Rodham Clinton condemn its content. It is might scheme to cut down Muslims choler against the US and its Alliess. In add-on, it is to salvage life 1000s of US soldiers and embassadors abroad from radical onslaughts.
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Theo Van Gogh Geert Wilders Nakoula Basseley Nakoula
4. 3. 2 THE CHURCH BURNS THE NOBLE AL-QURAN
On 11th September 2010, the Church of Dove World Outreach Center in Florida, the United States has program to fire the Al-Quran to mark the prostration of the World Trade Centre, New York. The event was called ‘ International Burn A Koran Day ‘ and be predicted to runs from 6 autopsy to 9 autopsy. At the same clip, intense argument was taking topographic point between the United States authorities and the church about the program to construct a mosque and Islamic cultural centre near the Land Zero, which is the location of the 11th September 2001 onslaught. Finally, the United States Defend Ministry, Robert Gates successfully advised Terry Jones, the Florida church curate to call off it because fright for the lives of 1000s of U. S. soldiers particularly in Iraq and Afghanistan. If this event continues, the U. S. soldiers would be attacked by extremists as a mark of protest.
The ‘ International Burn A Koran Day ‘ event is clearly contemptuous Muslims because the Al-Quran is the sanctum book which incorporating poetries from Allah to steer world. In add-on, the place of the Al-Quran as a beginning of mention is at the top than the Hadith and other mentions. In add-on, trust to the Al-Quran is one from six elements found in the regulation of religion. Therefore, it ca n’t be destroyed by any party because of it place is most baronial than Bible book, Psalms book, and Torah book. It contents are complete and embodies all facets of human life such as moral, economic, societal, political, and so on to steer people to accomplish felicity in this universe and the afterlife. So, it is suited to be practiced by all people because the Al-Quran was protected by Allah from any alterations until the Day of Judgment.
Furthermore, the Al-Quran is the sanctum book which revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW as a guideline to take all world to the right manner. It is same as the Bible book was revealed to the Prophet Musa, the Psalms book was revealed to Prophet Daud and the Bible book was revealed to the Prophet Isa. Here the grounds that the Al-Quran poetries really come from Allah himself and non the creative activity of the Prophet Muhammad as indicated by the non-Muslims. In verse 48 until 51 of Surah Al-Ankabut: “ And thou wast non ( able ) to declaim a Book before this ( Book came ) , nor art 1000 ( able ) to transcribe it with thy right manus: In that instance, so, would the speakers of amour propres have doubted. Nay, here are Signs self-evident in the Black Marias of those endowed with cognition: and none but the unfair reject Our Signs. Ye they say: “ Why are non Signs sent down to him from his Lord? ” Say: “ The marks are so with Allah and I am so a clear Warner ” . And is it non plenty for them that we have sent down to thee the Book which is rehearsed to them? Verily, in it is Mercy and a Reminder to those who believe ” .
Allah besides has challenged people who do non believe the Al-Quran to make a chapter that precisely similar like the Al-Quran but no 1 was of all time created it until now. Even this challenge will ne’er be defeated until the Day of Resurrection. Allah SWT said in verse 23 of Surah al-Baqarah: “ And if ye are in uncertainty as to what We have revealed from clip to clip to Our retainer, so bring forth a poetry like thereunto ; and name your informants or assistants ( If there are any ) besides Allah, if your ( uncertainties ) are true ” . Besides that, Allah has promised this fact in verse 88 of Surah Al-Isra ‘ : “ Say ( O Muhammad ) : “ If the whole of world and Jins were to garner together to bring forth the like of this Al-Quran, they could non bring forth the similar thereof, even if they backed up each other with aid and support ” . The beauty and singularity of the linguistic communication of the Al-Quran is unmatched by anyone as it is a greatness creative activity of Allah SWT. Consequently, each missive is read by Muslims accounted as worship and rewarded by Allah SWT.
Unfortunately, one Al-Quran was burned in a little church in Florida on 21th March 2012. They claimed that it verses promoting Muslims to perpetrate a offense. The Bible was soaked for an hr in kerosine and placed on a metal tray in the centre of the church before Wayne Sapp set fire utilizing a igniter. On the same clip, the incident was besides witnessed by Terry Jones who is known anti-Islam curate. Terry Jones looked Islam as a faith of force and faith that prohibits freedom of address. Harmonizing to Terry Jones, firing the Al-Quran was allowed to demo their dissatisfaction to the pureness of Al-Quran. More than that, this act is in conformity with the freedom of look that allows the right to voice an resistance to things they do non like.
However, their statement that said the Al-Quran encourages offenses and negative behaviours are non acceptable by Muslims because the Al-Quran has brings many benefits to the Muslims. As reported by Muslim, Prophet Muhammad narrated: “ Who are familiar with the Al-Quran will be with the honest and righteous angel. And those who read it in hard fortunes and easy, rewarded to him two wagess ” .
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‘ International Burn A Koran Day ‘ was lead by John Terry Wayne Sapp without experiencing guilty firing the Al-Quran
Besides that, Rasulullah praised those who learning and learning Al-Quran. As reported by Al-Bukhari and Al-Shihab, the Prophet said: “ The best among you who larning the Al-Quran and learning it to people. ” Then, the Prophet emphasized parent duty to learning the Al-Quran to kids. This direction in conformity with the Hadith when the Prophet Muhammad said: “ Whoever teaches his boy the Al-Quran with a expression, so forgiven his yesteryear and semen wickednesss, and those who teach by remember, so every kid is reading one poetry, Allah raise the rank of his male parent until the terminal of the poetry was practiced. ” This Hadith was narrated by At-Tabrani.
Dissing the Al-Quran agencies contemptuous Islam excessively because the Al-Quran is merely used by the Muslims. The Christian church firing the Al-Quran was clearly degrading Islam. Rightly, the church is responsible for learning kindness to people and non to advance a offense. In contrast, Islam ne’er allowed Muslims to diss and degrade other faiths including their followings and Gods. This prohibition was highlighted by Allah in verse 108 of Surah Al-An’am: “ Revile non ye those whom they call upon besides Allah, lest they out of malice revile Allah in their ignorance. Therefore have We made tempting to each people its ain behaviors. In the terminal will they return to their Lord, and We shall so state them the truth of all that they did ” .
Then, on 28th April 2012, Terry Jones once more deliberately burns the Al-Quran and a image picturing the Prophet Muhammad at his church in Gainesville, Florida, the United States. Terry Jones and other curates want a curate named Youcef Nadarkharni to be released from a gaol in Iran. Youcef Nadarkhani is the Iranians who apostate and converted to Christian. After done, the constabulary fined Terry Jones a sum of 271 U. S. dollar. He was fined for go againsting the regulations when firing the book without the permission from governments. However, he was non fined for dissing other faiths because freedom of look was accepted in the United States. It shows international human rights has higher precedence instead than spiritual to find one action either accepted or rejected.
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Part of the Al-Quran burned by Terry Jones Demonstration by Muslims to protest the action
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