1,250
9
Essay, 26 pages (7000 words)

Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay

CHAPTER 1

The development of Kuala Lumpur starting from squatters and continued to develop into urban development. Job opportunities in Kuala Lumpur increasing cause more people moved into the city. It is because this place in urban set up so it became a people choice to live in Kuala Lumpur. In line with a rapid development, land issues have been a problem for many people when the land prices are rising. Thus this issue giving the burden on the lower income groups to own land in Kuala Lumpur. The purpose of this study a traditional village concept in a urban site without occupying conventional land area. Vertical buildings nowadays have such typical building design and less of value and elements of traditional village. In fact, where are the importance of the elements that should be apply to make sure people have a lively place to live if all converts to the commercial vertical residential building. According to the article of From Villages to Flats (Part 1) – The Kampong Days, the community, or kampong, spirit is lost when more people tends to coop themselves up in their own flats nowadays, and interaction with neighbours become a rarity. Children of the newer generation have also lost the chance to come in contact with nature; many of them probably have not seen a live rooster in their life. (Lim Tow Yong, 2012)Kampung Pantai Indah, Kuala Lumpur is chosen for case study as that place have been transformed from traditional village to vertical urban village. Historically, there is no high rise housing on this place, but just a scattered development. Over years, the density of the population in the villages increases and continuous development causing limited land to build horizontal type of building. For the solution, vertical residential is needed in order to provide the proper houses. In conclusion, the importance of this study is to learn a new concept of having a vertical urban village in a healthy social lifestyle in an urbanized area. At the same time, the study would also help identify the more appropriate manner of vertical residential planning to ensure a more lively neighbourhood is achieved.

Issue / Statement of Problem

The development of Kuala Lumpur starting from squatters that naturally merged into an urban village that required to follow the urban development. Job opportunities in Kuala Lumpur increasing cause more people moved into the city. It is because this place in urban set up so it became a people choice to live in Kuala Lumpur. In line with a rapid development, land issues have been a problem for many people when the land prices are rising. Thus this issue giving the burden on the lower income groups to own land in Kuala Lumpur.

1. 3 Research Aim

To study the impact of the transformation from traditional urban village life to vertical urban village life and the behaviour of the residents.

1. 4 Research Objectives

To study the concept of traditionally and vertically village in urban set up. To investigate the community respond in vertical urban village in order to establish the impact of transformation of traditional urban village to vertical urban village life style on human behaviour on low cost apartments users in Kuala Lumpur.

1. 5 Scope of Study

The scope of study focusing on the case area of Kampung Pantai Indah Apartment itself, Kuala Lumpur that design covers: The interaction behaviour on how people socialize in a new village in a urban set upStudy about the planning and how much the value of village life style concept is still remain in this type of residential elements. The design aspect of the building in respond to the surrounding, clients and also the building function itself.

1. 6 Limitation of Research

The limitation of this research is the accessibility and permission to conduct questionnaire survey to the residents of Pantai Indah Apartment that may have weakened the research.

1. 7 Expected of Outcome

The expectation of outcome for this research is to define the community issues in vertical urban village concept. At the same time, the study will discuss about the perception of residents living in this new concept of village and it can be analyse to show the satisfactory of residents itself. Therefore, the result can be used to improve design of future planning as new residential development for community and neighbourhood.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2. 1 Definition of Village

‘ Village’ defined specifically as a Malay hamlet or small village in a Malay-speaking country WorldLingo (2010). Village also means ‘ kampung’ in Malaysian language ( Rajib Shaw et al, 2009). Word ‘ kampung’ indicated the housing settlements of the local people and it originally had aroused around the year 1840 from the Dutch colonial period (Indra Laksmi Subroto, n. d).‘ Kampung’ more described the settlements of the low-income people. It refers to a wide range of supposedly ‘ inadequate’ or ‘ improper’ living conditions and issues of urban poverty (citied from Nooi et al. 1996). For city authorities ‘ kampung’ signifies anti-urbanity. Kampung also presumed as an undesirable space in, or feature of, the Malaysian urban landscape. It denotes those attributes, attitudes, and modes of conduct deemed unsuitable for urban life and for citizens of a would-be ‘ fully developed’ naion (Bunnell, 2002). Former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, states that:” The kampong lifestyle is founded on mutual help whereas in the urban even immediate neighbours do not know each other” (quated from Shukor Rahman 1996). Similarly, Lim Jee Yuan’s popular The Malay House: Rediscovering Malaysia’s Indigenous Shelter System describes kampung housing as being ” designed with a deep understanding and respect for nature (Bunnell, 2010). He further added ” a designated with nature approach”.

2. 2 Early Traditional Town in Malaysia

There were several urban centres and towns with a high concentration of Malays in the states of Malay Peninsula (Raja Bahrin, 1987). These urban centres were dominant and were trading towns, depending on rivers and seas for transportation. Moreover, rivers or seas provided a source of livelihood for the Malay community living close to them. The Early Malay Town which is also called The Malay Traditional Town refers to towns built by the Sultans or Malay Kings. The Early Malay Town has existed since the era of the Malay Sultanate. It can be described as a place or center of government administrative activities and businesses and their local people still practice the heritage way of life. Even, the town layout is not influenced by the western colonization. The architecture and building technology fully benefits the Palace, Mosque and government buildings. The transformation of these towns was determined by their location at the river mouth or ‘ kuala’ and the town shape expanded from the town centre which was usually based on three basic elements; the Palace, Mosque and Field or ‘ Padang’. After that, road would be built surrounding the field and expanded to the commercial and residential area. In the middle of 19th century, Kota Bharu (Kelantan), Kuala Terengganu and Kuala Dungun (Terengganu), Pekan (Pahang), Johor Lama and Bandar Maharani(Johor), Kelang and Kuala Selangor (Selangor) and Kota Setar (Kedah) were towns of significant standing (Hamid, 1988). All these towns were located at the estuaries of rivers or ” kuala”, and the entire towns were known as ‘ estuary towns’ or ‘ bandar kuala’ (Ezrin, 1985). Ezrin also described the physical image of a Malay traditional town in the last century as having a village appearance, although it contained a number of big buildings such as palace, mosque and houses belonging to substantive officials. Sundra (1998) provided almost the same description of these towns. The Malays then lived in small settlements or village known as ‘ kampung’. With urbanisation, a village underwent gradual transition into a nucleus of trading activities with the centre of political power vested with the local Sultan. Despite having a large population, the Malay traditional town still took an appearance not very different from a ‘ kampung’. Most of the structures were built of timber with thatched roofs. The distinguishing features of the town centre were the sultan’s palace, the mosque and the market.

2. 3 Islamic Malay Traditional Town Attributes

The physical image of Islamic Malay traditional town development in Malaysia for the past century still had a village appearance but a few big buildings were built such as king’s palace, mosque, government buildings and the other dignitary house. These are the attributes that could be seen for Islamic Malay traditional town with their functions.

2. 3. 1 Mosque as Islamic Symbol and Religious Centre

As Islam is the main religion of the Malay, the function of the mosque is obvious in influencing the social, spiritual and intellectual developments of the Malays. The function of a mosque is also closely related to the Sultan as being the head of Islamic religion in his realm. The mosque is usually physically located close to the palace and Malay settlements. From the 19th century to the early 20th century, the mosque was an important centre for the teaching of Islam in Malayworld, as it functioned also as the centre of Islamic educations. During that period, Malay traditional towns had gone through an excellent period of Islamic influence through the untiring and dedicated effort of ulamas (religious persons). Then, looking at the case study, there is one surau at the area of the apartments of Pantai Indah loacated in the middle of two building which are Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 2. This surau became the main element in that area because this building act as a meeting point of the community. The surau will be take as an advantage for the community to make any programme to increase the community interaction and togetherness. Figure : The mosque as the centre of Islamic development and education.. Source: Wendy Khadijah Moore (2005), Malaysia A Pictorial history 1400-2004, Archipelago PressSource: Widodo, 1996

2. 3. 2 ‘ Padang’ (Public Field)

The main public space in Malay traditional town is usually located opposite the grand palace. This public space had been used by the community its recreational needs for public gatherings and it also is the only location where the Sultan can meet his people openly. In some occasions, the Sultan wanted to meet his subjects by having an announcement or battle. Field in Malay traditional town is a general social space for people to gather and mix around. The multi function of the space has benefit not only for the people, but also the royal family. It became the symbol of interrelationship between people in town. Near to ‘ Padang’ and market, there is a jetty for passenger boats that used to ferry people to villages across of the river and provide utilization of the town area. There was also a royal jetty to cater for the royalty needs as the river was known as the main transportation system. In Kampung Pantai Indah, Padang is the place to gather people in a various activities. Nowadays, people are more like to use in the evening to play some sport and this is really healthy environment for people to socialise among them. Figure : ‘ Padang’ is the place to gether people; even for battle preparation. Source: Wendy Khadijah Moore (2005), Malaysia A Pictorial history 1400-2004, Archipelago PressSource: Widodo, 1996

2. 3. 3 Market as Commercial Centre and Socialising Place

The market place is an important space for people to use for trade and other commercial activities as well as a place to interact, exchange news with each other and most importantly build a close relationship with other people. Chinese settlers, who are synonymous with trade and commerce, built their settlement in the vicinity of the town. Their area was also close to trading activities and the river. Historically, the commercial centre and its market were usually located on the bank riverbank, approximately in the vicinity of boat jetty that makes the accessibility of the area possible. The area adjacent to riverbank was a public space because of the trading activities there. The market was important to the local community for their daily necessities. In that case, it brought the local people to meet each other every day to do commerce and socialise. This element really reflect the case study and this can be experience along the road before enter the area of Pantai Indah Apartments. The commercial activities make the area feel lively and this make an easier way for the people who live in around the market to buy their things, foods and others. The market and commercial district not only for economy purposes but also contribute to social sustainability. Figure : The market and commercial district not only for economy purposes but also contribute tosocial sustainability. Source: Wendy Khadijah Moore (2005), Malaysia A Pictorial history 1400-2004, Archipelago PressSource: Widodo, 1996

2. 3. 4 Traditional Malay Villages

Traditional village is the residential area of the local people. The people were the symbol of power for the ruler at those times, therefore, the bigger the settlement area the more prosperous and powerful the ruler was. These villages are located close to one another and usually the locations of the villages surround the town centre where the palace, mosque and ‘ padang’ were located. The location will also can be found near the river in order to be near to the mode of transport. The lifestyle of Malay community within the villages in Malay traditional town had not changed much. They were and still are practicing the traditional Malay and Muslim lifestyle similar to the older days. They have a close family relationship that is evident from the lay-out setting of their houses in the village. Most of the houses were built in clusters, with each cluster belonging to members of one family. Figure : The Malay traditional village.. Source: Wendy Khadijah Moore (2005), Malaysia A Pictorial history 1400-2004, Archipelago PressSource: Widodo, 1996However, the most importantly all the attributes of Islamic Malay traditional town are interrelated with each other. It is clear that every element complement each other in term of functions and location. Traditionally, Malay society seems to have a preference for community intimacy, rather than privacy (Yahya, 1998). Therefore the concept of ‘ space intimacy’ within the community created social sustainability among all type of social level. It can be seen that the three basic elements; the Palace, Mosque and Field or ‘ Padang’, formed the planning base of the Malay towns that displayed the relationship between the religion, the ruler and the people. Figure : The interrelationship of everyelements of Islamic Malay traditionalTown. Source: Widodo, 1996

2. 4 Urban Village- Kampung in the City

According to Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020, the urban villages in the city are generally associated with complex developmental problems, relative poverty, poor living conditions and inadequate infrastructure. Thomas Tseng et al., (2006) suggest that the expression ‘ urban village’ often describes an area or district within a city or municipality which has all the qualities, characteristics, and amenities of a village. According to Institute of Civil Engineers, United Kingdom (ICE UK) (2009) and Homs (2007), An urban village is a concept of a settlement which is small enough to create a community in the truest sense of the word – a group of people who support each other, but big enough to maintain a reasonable cross section of facilities. Walking determines the size – a 10 minute walk from one side to the other. To provide a suffi ciently large population to maintain a range of community facilities all within a walkable distance means the density of development must be high. An urban village is densely developed in the centre, with town squares and key community focal points, density eases away from the centre, and the boundary of the village is marked by greenspace. Generally, urban is an area when there are of habitation, variety of economic activities and the communities that inhabit that area are different from agriculture community (Abdul Aziz et al., 2004). Urban also described as a city, town, or other settlements where majority of the population has their own income from activity in the urban economy, except agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing (Tannerfeldt et al., 2006). Tannerfeldt (2006) and Molnar (n. d) both agreed that sometimes urban is understood as relating to big cities. Some of the urban villages are located close to areas where modern developments are taking place. These urban villages need to be enhanced in terms of their development value, physical environment, infrastructure, and community facilities. Therefore, the effort to achieve vision for A World Class City, Kuala Lumpur’s urban villages must be accorded similar opportunities to come into mainstream of the development. To achieve this, the Draft KL City Plan 2020 designated the areas for development through the Land Use Zoning Map in the KLDCP 2008 in order to facilitate and encourage development within these areas (Kuala Lumpur City Hall, 2010).

2. 5 Related initiatives on housing for the urban poor

Pantai Indah Apartments are low-cost housing under private developer in collaboration with CHKL and these are some solutions that had been exploited in relation to low-cost housing. These are examined in terms of the formal solutions, communities’ own initiatives and community sense of belonging, as follows:

Formal solutions to the provision of low-cost housing

Public and private sectors are both the providers of low-cost houses. Public sector contribution comes in the form of public housing units that CHKL provides to the eligible families; the private sector contribution comes in the form of allocation of at least 30% of the residential units to low-cost housing for projects on sites of ten acres or more. In this part of research, we looked into how innovative the Ministry of Federal Territory was in handling their program and determining their policy. The study also looked into how creative and flexible CHKL was as the government institution responsible for protecting the interest of the government, the public and the private sector while coordinating the city programmes and ensuring the implementation of the policy. For the first part, the idea is mainly to learn the innovations that had been implemented which had led to an exceptional performance on the project construction. This follows the observation that the construction lead time was exceptionally short in the case of the Kg Pantai Indah project. Among the issues to be examined are in what ways this phenomenon can be explained and what technologies are enabling it. For the second part, the focus will be on looking into evidence of private sector’s ways of negotiation in reaching towards the 30% compliance. As a background, private developers are not normally positive about being imposed the low-cost units amidst their other higher-priced houses due to the negative effect the former tend to have on the perceived quality of their project and thus on the project’s overall marketability. As a whole; they would often offer alternative solutions in lieu of the requirement. An examination of this issue lies beyond the scope of the present investigation and needs to be informed by a separate study.

Communities’ own initiatives towards housing provision

To identify community self-help initiatives in terms of the provision of low-cost housing, a field survey has been conducted to investigate and document the different forms in which this self-help has taken place. Elements such as the Gotong Royong (working communally on voluntary basis) spirit flow from such initiatives. The underlying premise is that the settlers of informal settlements will attain improving their own housing if some public assistance is provided. In other words, the self-help that exists within certain squatter settlements could be turned into aided self-help. This involves the notion of progressive development whereby communities can be built at a pace and to a standard consistent with their needs and financial resources. The spirit of gotong royong is an inherited spirit; nevertheless, the environment within which the squatter communities live has tended to enforce this value. The World Bank became involved as an important actor when in early 1970s it began to finance shelter projects based on this concept. Two main approaches were adopted. The first was based on improving existing squatter settlements through the services provision and rationalisation of house and street layout. The second was to provide serviced sites, sometimes with a partially completed building, for the beneficiary to bring remaining work to completion. Upgrading could involve mere improvements to dwelling houses but more often includes the introduction of basic infrastructure into a neighbourhood. The principal objectives of in-situ upgrading are to reduce cost of housing improvement for the squatter and minimise social disruption consequential upon clearance to a peripheral resettlement scheme. In practice, benefits vary depending on the way the government promotes the scheme and the extent to which goals other than the welfare of squatters enter the equation. Site and services scheme is an initiative in which land is prepared and service infrastructure provided. Lots are sold or leased, and the new owners would then either construct themselves (in gotong royong way) or contract the construction out. Government subsidies may extend to building materials and/or cash loans. From such owner’s point of view, the appeal of such an arrangement lies in the security of tenure it offers together with adequate infrastructure and freedom to build at own pace once the requirement to construct the core house has been met. However, the peripheral location of most site and services puts them some distance away from major sources of employment, and this affects the ability of the household to make regular payments.

Community sense of belonging

Through the same survey, this research has sought to look into the social aspects of low-cost housing. It looked at innovative solutions to bringing about community togetherness and commitment in maintaining their quality and healthy environment. We are aware of the institutionalised agenda, which come in the form of solutions instituted by the authorities; Rukun Tetangga as a form of community association is an example in point. Rukun Tetangga was introduced in 1975 with the original aim as a self-protection scheme for the community. The scheme was later re-oriented to emphasise neighbourliness based on the philosophy that neighbourhood well-being will ensure the well-being of the nation. Today, the concept is broadened to include the aims of community development and community integrity.

CHAPTER 4

METHODOLOGY

4. 1 Introduction

The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate the research methodology and methods for analysis of the research as well as to introduce the research strategy and the empirical techniques applied. Besides, this chapter also to introduce the research instruments that have been developed and utilize in the chasing of goals. The implementation of this research focus on four categories: Primary understanding and theory frameworkData collectionData analysisConclusion and recommendation

4. 2 Primary Understanding and Theory Framework

At this stage, the research aims, objectives and scope are identified. This stage involves research preliminary understanding and it closely related to identifying the most appropriate research are with the topic. Generally this research will focus on the impact of the transformation from traditional urban village into vertical urban village life and the behaviour of the residents.

4. 3 Data Collection

There are two types of data have been collected:

4. 3. 1 Primary Data

InterviewThe primary data are obtained from interviews with related organization in Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1 and Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 2. The objective of this interview to identify the historical background of the apartments. The second objective is to get the information about residents status and number of units in that apartments. This interview also conducted to get their overall opinion about the sense of community and the surrounding environment living in the vertical urban village. The question structure of this interview is more ‘ open-ended’ question which is not necessarily worded exactly the same way with each respondent. With ‘ open-ended’ questions, the respondents are free to respond in their own words and more complex than simply ” yes” or ” no”. They also are free to add more detail elaboration of the questioned given.

.

QuestionnairesThe primary data also gathered from questionnaire survey. A study was conducted to investigate the strength and communities perception of both housing scheme (Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 1 and Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2) in the vertical urban village environment, their facilities and new surrounding environment change their lives. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 70 respondents were randomly selected for both housing community. For Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1, going from door to door has been denied due to security reasons. So the approach is to meet the respondents at the area of guard post which is the entrance to that apartments and also at the playground area. For Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2, samples were collected by going from door to door and also approach the people who in Surau. The questionnaire consisted of five parts. Part 1 asked about respondent background details such as race, age, job and their unit number, Part 2 was about neighborhood interaction while Part 3 was about their views on the community relations. Part 4 was about residential facilities and part 5 was about their views in comparison between their life now compare to the traditional urban village life.

4. 3. 2 Secondary Data

The secondary data are available from sources such as books, journals, articles, dissertation, websites, newspapers, government publications and other printed , aterials which are closely related to the research topic.

4. 4 Data Analysis

When the entire survey questionnaires have been collected, the data will analyse by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences or SPSS software in coming up with the statistical analysis and visual figure. This research will use mixed method which is combination of Qualitative Measures and Quantitative Measures. By using these two methods, the result obtained is more meaningful and have a greater probability of being valid. Therefore, this research will utilize both quantitative and qualitative data collection tools.

4. 4. 1 Qualitative Method

This method is used to get the opinion, experience, feeling, and ideas among the respondents in Kampung Pantai Dalam. This method also allows the researcher to experience the interaction between researcher and respondents and face to face communication with them. The method used in this research is site survey, interviews, taking photograph and study the issue related to case study.

4. 4. 2 Quantitative Method

The purpose of using Quantitative Method I this research is to analyse the validity of the data obtained. By using this approach also can determine the data collected is accurate and precise. In this method, the data will be collected by distributes questionnaires directly to the respondents and the data obtained will be analyse by using SPSS software to come out with statistical table and chart.

4. 5 Conclusion and Recommendation Stages

At the end of the summary will give actual view of the impact of the transformation from traditional urban village life to vertical urban village life and the behaviour of the residents. At the same time, the study will discuss about the perception of residents living in this new concept of village and it can be analyse to show the satisfactory of residents itself. Therefore, the result can be used to improve design of future planning as new residential development for community and neighbourhood.

4. 6 Summary

This chapter discusses about the methodology used to achieve the aim and objectives of this research. It starts with the primary understanding and theory framework to identify the scope of research. The data are collected from interview session, questionnaires, journals, books, government publications, newspapers and previous research. Meanwhile the method used in conducting this research is by using qualitative and quantitative approach. Finally, conclusion and recommendation are produced at the last chapter after the data completely analyse. Methodology of the research involves collection of information from many sources through different methods such as:

Literature Search

Journals/ articles, books, and conference papers are among the main sources that being used to collect the data and information related to the research to enhance the references.

Site Investigation

This has been conduct very often to collect raw data like photo and video. It helps in understanding the place in term of site activity and overall quality of the development

Observation

Observations have also been conduct ​​in Kampung Baru and Kampung Dato Keramat to identify the elements of the village there.

Interviews

This type of information is gathered directly from the respondents. The voice recordings are taken to make sure that the information is not being misinterpretation and to double check on the information. The background and the positions of the individuals that been interviewed also being considered to make sure the information given are relevant to be used in the study.

Questionnaires

Questionnaires were directly given to 70 residents to get the information and perception from them on their pass experience and their present environmental condition living in vertical village.

Research Structure

Title Confirmation:

ISSUES ON TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL URBAN VILLAGE TO VERTICAL URBAN VILLAGE

Collection of InformationStatement of Problem-Determine Research AimLiterature ReviewsDetermine the Research MethodologyApartments Pantai Indah Phase 1-Structured Survey-Structured InterviewApartments Pantai Indah Phase 1-Structured Survey-Structured InterviewData collectionData collectionOverall findingData Analysis and ConclusionFinal documentation and completion of report

CHAPTER 4

CASE STUDY

Kampung Pantai Dalam today exists as an urban village within the City of Kuala Lumpur. The village is started out as one of Kuala Lumpur’s early Malay settlements and it is a smaller residential area that form from the larger area of Pantai Dalam that located at south-west of Kuala Lumpur. There are many others smaller residential area, including : Pantai HillparkKampung PantaiPPR Sri PantaiPPR Pantai RiaPPR Sri CempakaPPR KerinchiDesa Aman 1 & 2Pantai MurniPantai PermaiTaman Bukit AngkasaPantai BaruKampung PasirTaman Pantai DalamPPR Kampung LimauF: SEM 5THESISsite. JPGPantai Dalam Commuter StationFigure : Pantai Indah ApartmentPantai Indah Apartment is situated about five hundred meters from Pantai Dalam Commuter station. The village is well connected to the New Pantai ExpressWay that provided an easier access to Kuala Lumpur from Subang Jaya and Bandar Sunway to avoid the traffic jams on the Federal Highway route during rush hour. Kampung Pantai Dalam areas have a high density residential area located on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur City. The area also includes an area of ​​371 hectares and made up of small-area of placement. This situation creates Pantai Dalam region in high density to reach 400 people per acre from 20 people per acre. This occurs when the Local Authority reorganized the physical development of People’s Housing Programme (PPRT) which was previously a squatters neighbourhood. So from the development stages, the existence of traditional residential areas starting with Kampung Pantai and Kampung Pasir that was followed by residential areas in Pantai Dalam under the People’s Housing Programme (PPRT). It is like PPR Sri Pantai, PPR Sri Cempaka, PPR Pantai Ria, PPR Kerinchi and PPR Kampung Limau. A PPR is a public housing project which CHKL builds and owns. Units under PPR are low-cost and meant to provide cheap rented accommodations to the urban poor who cannot afford houses ownership in the city. Then, the developments continued by private developers and some of them were in collaboration with DBKL such as Pantai Hillpark, Desa Aman 1 & 2, Pantai Murni, Pantai Permai, Taman Bukit Angkasa, Pantai Baru, Taman Pantai Dalam and Pantai Indah. Pantai Dalam residential development made up of two classes of employment status. For people who are high-income earners, the type of luxury flats and houses in Pantai Hillpark and luxury bungalow in Kampung Pantai became their choice. While the others residential area became the target of the middle and lower income groups.

CHAPTER 5

FIELD SURVEY AND FINDING

A study was conducted to investigate the strength and communities perception of both housing scheme (Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 1 and Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2) in the vertical urban village environment, their facilities and new surrounding environment change their lives. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 70 respondents were randomly selected for both housing community. For Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1, going from door to door has been denied due to security reasons. So the approach is to meet the respondents at the area of guard post which is the entrance to that apartments and also at the playground area. For Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2, samples were collected by going from door to door and also approach the people who in Surau. The questionnaire consisted of five parts. Part 1 asked about respondent background details such as race, age, job and their unit number, Part 2 was about neighborhood interaction while Part 3 was about their views on the community relations. Part 4 was about residential facilities and part 5 was about their views in comparison between their life now compare to the traditional urban village life.

RESULT FROM PANTAI INDAH APARTMENTS PHASE 1

A total of 35 respondents were randomly approached at the area of guard post and also at the playground area. The results were as follows:

Part 1- Respondent Background Details

The respondents consist of 66% male and 34% female. 71% were between 21 and 40 years old, 26% were between the ages of 41 and 60 years old while only 3% in 60 years old and above. The majority of respondents in Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2 were Malays which is 71%. 20% were form India and the minor respondents here were Chinese which is only 9%. For period of stay, 80% have been live at the apartments between 1 to 10 years and 20% of the respondents have been live quite a long time in between 11 to 20 years. For status of unit, 29% were buyers while 71% were tenants. Majority of the respondents who rent the house were student and they lived less than 10 years in the apartments.

PART 2- Neighbourhood Relations

00000Case A- Neighbours take care of each othersCase B- Good tolerance with neighboursCase C- Neighbours always give cooperationCase D- Neighbours practice mutual respectCase E- Neighbours practice visiting each othersCase F- Traditional values ​​still practiced in hereCase G- Neighbourhood relations more encouragingThe bar chart above shows the percentage of agreement and disagreement about the relationship of neighbourhood in Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1. From Case A and Case B, 74. 3% of the total respondents have agreed that they are taking care of each other’s and give a good tolerance with neighbours. Most of the respondents that agreed from these two statements were originally from Pantai Dalam and they were also the ownership of their unit. Their neighbours mostly from the same place before they move to this apartments. So, it shows the bonding of neighbourhood started before they were moved and it continue to this apartments where their live now. From Case C, 71. 6% of the total respondents have agreed that neighbours always give cooperation and from Case D, 65. 7% have agreed that mutual respect always being practice among neighbours. More than half of the total respondents have disagreed for Case E and Case F. 54. 3% have disagreed that neighbours practice visiting each other’s and 60% of the respondents have disagreed that traditional village values are still practiced in here. According to one of the respondents, Ms Aini said that it’s hard to meet with their neighbours because everybody busy with their own works. One of her neighbour was not always stay in the house and will come back at home on late night. So, it’s impossible for her to get to know her own neighbours and have a good relationship between them. Traditional village values are less practiced in these apartments. This is because most of the residents in Pantai Indah Apartments are tenants. They not always meet up or gather to know each other’s. Most of the residents did not have friends or relatives in these apartments so that they will go out from this place to gather with their friends or relatives. For the last Case, 62% have agreed that neighbourhood relations more encouraging. Most of the respondents from these statements were the ownership of their units. They lived here from the beginning when the apartments were opened so they know who lived in the apartments after them. They such an old people that like to know other residents.

PART 3- Community Relations

000Case A- Highly responsible managementCase B- Society depends on the managementCase C- Community rely on each otherCase D- Community have a good mutual cooperationCase E- Residents live in harmonyCase F- Fostered collaboration among communityCase G- Good interaction between surrounding residentsThe bar chart above shows the percentage of agreement and disagreement about the relationship of community in Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1. From Case A, 71% of the total respondents have agreed that management of the apartments give a highly responsible to the community. One of the respondents said that if any problem happen just makes a report to management so they will further check the problem and make an effort to solve it in a short time. Besides that, Mr Yaacob, the supervisor of the apartments said that the management also always ask the security to check the surrounding building to keep the residents safe from any criminal. 77. 2% have agreed that societies are depends on the management. The management play a big role to control the whole apartments. Mr Yaacob said that this apartment is a private properties and any event for the community need to get permission from the management first. From Case C and Case D, 68. 5% have agreed that the community rely on each other and also agreed that the community have a good mutual cooperation. According to Mr Yaacob, There will be an event for the community of the apartments in every one month. The event is not only happening in the area of apartments but it also happens at outside of Kampung Pantai Indah. The community have a good mutual cooperation so it makes things easier to plan any event to raise the bonding of the community. Case E shows that 71. 6% of the respondents have agreed that residents here live in harmony. Besides that, Case F shows that 48. 5% of the total residents have disagreed that the collaboration among community are encouraging. According to Mr. Yaacob, we already make some event to attract residents to gather but they not really support the event itself. This is due to more tenants than ownership in this apartment. Most of tenants unlikely to join any event because they did not many people there. From Case G, 40% of the respondents disagreed that they have good interaction between surrounding residents.

PART 4- Residential Facilities

Case A- Nearby public facilitiesCase B- Safe pedestrianCase C- Adequate parking facilitiesCase D- Adequate multipurpose hall facilitiesCase E- Comfortable recreational facilitiesThe bar chart above shows the percentage of agreement and disagreement about the residential facilities in Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1. The survey result showed that 62. 8% of the communities were satisfied with the existing nearby public facilities provided. They were also satisfied with the facilities of praying place, the ‘ surau’ and the hawker Centre except for their community hall. 62. 9% have agreed that there have a safe pedestrian walkway. The apartments do not have adequate parking facilities. Majority of the respondents, 77. 1% have disagreed about this parking issue. The community was also satisfied about the maintenance of the children play ground and the landscape.

PART 5- Compared to Traditional Urban Village Life

00Case A- Relationships between villagers are more harmoniousCase B- Community interaction more encouragingCase C- More comfortable environmentCase D- Public facilities more equippedCase E- Security more intertwinedCase F- More satisfactory peaceCase G- Residents health more assuredCase H- Cleanliness is well maintainedCase I- Garbage disposal facilities, more systematicCase J- Ease of access constantly in the guardThe bar chart above shows the percentage of agreement and disagreement about the comparison between their lifestyle now compare to the traditional urban village in Pantai Indah Apartments Phase 1. From Case A, 65. 7% of the total respondents have agreed that relationships among villagers are more harmonious and Case B, 77. 1% have agreed that the community interaction are more encouraging when compare to the traditional urban village. The respondents (68. 6%) satisfied and comfortable with the environment living in vertical urban village. The community was also satisfied about the public facilities that more complete. The public facilities are just nearby and easy for them to go anytime. About half of the respondents, 48. 6% have disagreed that security are more secured. According to Mr. Yaacob, a burglary had occurred but unable to anticipate and catch the thief. There are too many types of people live here and this make them feel unsafe. From Case F, 65. 7% of the total respondents have agreed that live in vertical urban village are more peaceful. The community was less agreed that resident’s health is more assured and 51. 5% of the respondents have disagreed that cleanliness is well maintained in surrounding of the apartments. About 48. 6% have disagreed that garbage disposal facilities are more systematic. Cleanliness becomes the usual issue in low cost apartments. This is because, most of residents did not really taking care of cleanliness outside of their own units. From the observation, It’s just not residents fault but the management that not put dustbin in every floor of the apartments. So it makes people throw rubbish wherever their want. Lastly, Case J showed that 59. 9% have agreed that ease of access are constantly in the guard.

RESULT FROM PANTAI INDAH APARTMENTS PHASE 2

A total of 35 respondents were collected by going from door to door and also approached the people who in Surau.

Part 1- Respondent Background Details

The respondents consist of 49% male and 51% female. 66% were between 21 and 40 years old, 31% were between the ages of 41 and 60 years old while only 3% in 60 years old and above. The majority of respondents in Pantai Indah Apartment Phase 2 were Malays which is 71%. 26% were form India and the minor respondents here were Chinese which is only 3%. For period of stay, 66% have been live at the apartments between 1 to 10 years and 34% of the respondents have been live quite a long time in between 11 to 20 years. For status of unit, 40% were buyers while 60% were tenants. Majority of the respondents who rent the house were student and they lived less than 10 years in the apartments.

PART 2- Neighbourhood Relations

00Case A- Neighbours take care of each othersCase B- Good tolerance with neighboursCase C- Neighbours always give a cooperationCase D- Neighbours practice mutual respectCase E- Neighbours practice visiting each othersCase F- Traditional values ​​still practiced in hereCase G- Neighbourhood relations more encouraging

PART 3- Community Relations

00Case A- Highly responsible managementCase B- Society depends on the managementCase C- Community rely on each otherCase D- Community have a good mutual cooperationCase E- Residents live in harmonyCase F- Fostered collaboration among communityCase G- Good interaction between surrounding residents

PART 4- Residential Facilities

0Case A- Nearby public facilitiesCase B- Safe pedestrianCase C- Adequate parking facilitiesCase D- Adequate multipurpose hall facilitiesCase E- Comfortable recreational facilities

PART 5- Compared to Traditional Urban Village Life

0Case A- Harmony is more intertwinedCase B- More community interactionCase C- More comfortable environmentCase D- Public facilities more equippedCase E- Security more intertwinedCase F- Peace satisfactoryCase G- Residents health more assuredCase H- Cleanliness is well maintainedCase I- Garbage disposal facilities, more systematicCase J- Ease of access constantly in the guard

Thank's for Your Vote!
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 1
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 2
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 3
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 4
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 5
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 6
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 7
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 8
Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Page 9

This work, titled "Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay" was written and willingly shared by a fellow student. This sample can be utilized as a research and reference resource to aid in the writing of your own work. Any use of the work that does not include an appropriate citation is banned.

If you are the owner of this work and don’t want it to be published on AssignBuster, request its removal.

Request Removal
Cite this Essay

References

AssignBuster. (2022) 'Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay'. 22 January.

Reference

AssignBuster. (2022, January 22). Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay. Retrieved from https://assignbuster.com/early-traditional-town-in-malaysia-environmental-sciences-essay/

References

AssignBuster. 2022. "Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay." January 22, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/early-traditional-town-in-malaysia-environmental-sciences-essay/.

1. AssignBuster. "Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay." January 22, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/early-traditional-town-in-malaysia-environmental-sciences-essay/.


Bibliography


AssignBuster. "Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay." January 22, 2022. https://assignbuster.com/early-traditional-town-in-malaysia-environmental-sciences-essay/.

Work Cited

"Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay." AssignBuster, 22 Jan. 2022, assignbuster.com/early-traditional-town-in-malaysia-environmental-sciences-essay/.

Get in Touch

Please, let us know if you have any ideas on improving Early traditional town in malaysia environmental sciences essay, or our service. We will be happy to hear what you think: [email protected]