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Crimean war

HISTORY PRESENTATION Crimean War: The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Eastern War, was fought between Russia on one side and an alliance of France, Britain, the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire. The war was over the territories of the declining Ottoman Empire.

Most of the fighting and conflict occurred in the Crimean Peninsula, hence the war’s name, however the battles also extended to the western area of Turkey and the Baltic Sea region. In 1853, Russia demanded that the Ottoman Empire recognize Russia’s right to protect the Eastern Orthodox believers in Turkey. Turkey refused, and therefore Russia sent troops into Ottoman territory. However, Russia was also interested in the falling Ottoman Empire’s territories, which could have been another motive as to why they advanced so quickly. Great Britain and France declared war on Russia on March 28, 1854, as they feared the possibility of Russia’s power increasing and upsetting the balance of power in general. Russia fought well against Turkey and destroyed its fleet off the coast of Sinope.

However, in September 1854, the British and French laid siege to Sevastopol, Russia’s heavily fortified chief naval base in the Black Sea, lying on the Crimean peninsula. After only a year of constant battle, the Russian’s abandoned the fortress, blowing it up and sinking their own ships. Meanwhile, at Balaklava, British troops charged down a narrow valley that was surrounded by Russian guns on both sides. Nearly all of the British soldiers died.

The name of their group was the Light Brigade, and is now well known due to Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s poem about them. Treaty of Paris: The Treaty of Paris settled the Crimean war, and it was signed on March 30, 1856. In it, Russia relinquished its claim as Christian protector in Turkey, the Black Sea was neutralized, and the balance of power was maintained. Because the Black Sea was neutralized, it closed the area to all warships, marking a severe set back on Russian influence. As a result, Russia lost influence over the Romanian principalities and they lost territory at the mouth of the Danube.

Mobilized Army: Germany was afraid of a two-fronts war between France and Russia, causing the Schlieffin Plan to emerge. They first attacked France by going through Belgium, as the German’s approximated that it would take the Russians 6 weeks to mobilize. This was probably a poor move by the German’s, as they acted very irrationally, thinking that France should be speedily defeated in order to win the war. 1st Balkan War: The first Balkan War was fought between 4 Balkan states, or Balkan League (Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria), and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire was no match for the combined forces of the Balkan League, and they quickly defeated due to the fact that they were numerically inferior and strategically disadvantaged. In the end, almost all of the Ottoman Empire’s remaining territories were captured and distributed among the Balkan states, and the independent state of Albania was also formed.

Despite their success, the Balkan states were not satisfied, and with the tension among them with the threat of the Ottoman empire gone, it would result in the Second Balkan War. Ultimatum: The July ultimatum was a list of conditions sent to Serbia from Austria-Hungary after the July Crisis and the assassination of their Archduke, Franz Ferdinand. It was sent at 6 pm on July 23, 1914. The Serbians, put under immense pressure, agreed to all but one of the conditions. Austria-Hungary, however, did not even try to solve it through discussion, but immediately declared war. Here are some of the points of that infamous ultimatum… The Ultimatum: second slide: 6.

Remove from the military service and the administration in general all officers guilty of propaganda against Austria-Hungary, names of which Austria-Hungary reserved the right to provide. 7. Accept the collaboration in Serbia of organs of the Austro-Hungarian government in the suppression of the subversive movement directed against the territorial integrity of the monarchy. 8. Begin a judicial inquiry against the accessories to the plot of June 28th who are on Serbian territory, with organs delegated by the Austro-Hungarian government participating in the investigation. This was later rejected by Serbia.

) 9. Immediately reject Major Vojislav Tankosic and Milan Ciganovic who were implicated by the preliminary investigation undertaken by Austira-Hungary. Questions: 1. Although Russia claimed to have been demanding that the Ottoman Empire should recognize it’s right to protect the Eastern Orthodox believers in Turkey, what were its other motives on sending troops into Ottoman territory? 2.

Why did the Treaty of Paris set Russia’s influence back in the Black Sea region? 3. Why was Russia so keen on the declining Ottoman Empire?

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