- Published: November 17, 2021
- Updated: November 17, 2021
- University / College: University of Pittsburgh
- Level: Doctor of Philosophy
- Language: English
- Downloads: 19
Article assignment 06 and The article’s is, ‘ Competitive balance in the national football league after the 1993 collective bargaining agreement.’ Lee Travis authored the article and the Journal of Sports Economics published it on June 2, 2009.
Research questions to be addressed
The author does not expressly state the article’s research question. This can however be inferred from the article’s title, read together with its abstract, methodology, results and conclusion. The inferred research question would be, ‘ does Collective Bargaining Agreement that was signed in 1993 have significant effect on competitive balance in the league?’ (Lee, 77- 88).
Research methods
The research applied quantitative research method in its implementation. The method is identifiable from two criteria, the type of explored data and applied research design. The research applied quantitative data in numbers of wins and losses, and a correlation study that are features of quantitative methods (Kumar, 164- 166; Lee, 77- 88).
Main conclusions
The article concludes that the Collective Bargaining Agreement has had a significant effect on competitive balance and led to greater inter seasonal parity. The major factors to the identified parity are “ free agency and payroll cap” (Lee, 86).
Important contributions of the paper
The paper makes a major contribution in identifying existence of a significant relationship between the agreement, and inter seasonal parity among teams. It therefore reconciles theoretical expectations that a change in the market system and team players would influence performance of league teams. It is also a breakthrough as the first research to identify a significant relationship between changed rules and competitive balance (Lee, 77- 88).
Criticism
The article is however criticized for failing to include essential elements of a research such as research hypothesis and research questions. It also fails to communicate, clearly, its applied methodology (Lee, 77- 88).
Works cited
Kumar, Ranjit. Research methodology: A step by step guide for beginners. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2010. Print.
Lee, Travis. “ Competitive balance in the national football league after the 1993 collective bargaining agreement.” Journal of Sports Economics 11. 1 (2013): 77- 88. Print.
