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Apush chapter 20 terms

Muckrakersjournalists who began to direct public attention toward social, economic, and political injustices. They were committed to exposing scandal, corruption, and injustice to public view. Ida Tarbellexposed tactics of Rockefeller-> attacked Standard Oil. ONAPUSH CHAPTER 20 TERMS SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder NowLincoln SteffensThe Shame of the Cities, exposure of machine government and boss rule. Helped arouse sentiment for urban political reform. Social Gospeladvocates of social justice-> egalitarian society and support for poor and oppressed people. Helping society ex. Salvation ArmyJacob Riisnothing produced more distress than crowded immigrant neighborhoods-> exposed through photographs and descriptionsSettlement Housea center in an underprivileged area that provides community servicesHull Housemost famous settlement house, opened in Chicago as a result of the efforts of Jane Addams-> sought to help immigrant families adapt to the language and customs of their new countryJane Addamssocial worker that opened the Hull HouseThorstein Veblensocial scientist; proposed a new economic system in which power would reside in the hands of highly trained engineers; only they could fully understand the ” machine process” by which modern society must be governed. Frances Willardprominent female reformer of the temperance movement. Single->” Boston marriages” Carrie Chapman CattAmerican women’s suffrage leader. Served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. National American Woman Suffrage AssociationCatt was the president. Justified suffrage in ” safer”, less threatening ways. Because women occupied a distinct sphere–they had special experiences and special sensitivities to bring to public life–woman suffrage could make an important contribution to politics. 19th Amendmentguaranteed political rights to women throughout the nationAlice Paulhead of the National Woman’s Party. She argued that the 19th Amendment alone would not be sufficient to protect women’s rights. National Women’s Partyfounded in 1916. Alice Paul was the head of it. Secret Ballotprinted by the gov. and distributed at the polls to be filled out and deposited in secret. Initiative, Referendum, and RecallThe initiative allowed reformers to directly submit new legislation directly to voters. The referendum provided a method by which actions of the legislature could be returned to the electorate for approval. The recall gave voters the right to remove a public official from office. Direct Primaryan attempt to take the selection of candidates away from the bosses and give it to the peopleRobert La Follettean American Republican. Ran for president as the nominee of the Progressive Party-> 1924Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Firein NYC in 1911, was one of the deadliest industrial disasters. The result was a number of reform movements. WEB du Boisco-founder of NAACP. Though African Americans should receive an education to earn their rights. NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People). Civil rights organization formed in 1909. Co-founded by WEB du Bois. WCTU(Woman’s Christian Temperance Union). First mass organization among women devoted to social reform
-> limits on alcohol sales18th Amendmentprohibition of alcoholic beverages in the U. S. Florence Kelleyreformer-> minimum wage, 8-hour workdays. National Consumer’s League. NAACP. Industrial Workers of the Worldindustrial union-> 1905. The ” Wobblies”. All workers should be united as a social class and that capitalism and wage labor should be abolished . Big Bill Haywoodfounding member and leader of IWW and member of the Socialist Party of AmericaLouis Brandeisassociate justice on the Supreme Court; Progressive. First Jew on Supreme Court. Herbert Crolyleader of the progressive movement. Co-founder of the magazine ” The New Republic” Northern Securities Casecompany was sued under the Sherman Antitrust Act by Roosevelt, one of the first anti-trust cases filed against corporate interests instead of laborSquare DealRoosevelt-> 3C’s-control of the corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resourcesHepburn Actgave the ICC the power to set max. railroad rates. Pure Food and Drug Acta series of consumer protection laws-> Food and Drug AdministrationUpton SinclairThe Jungle, exposed the horrors of the meat-packing industry. Showed the difficult life of the immigrants. The Junglewritten by Sinclair. Exposed horrors of meat-packing industry. Read by Roosevelt. Gifford Pinchothead of forestry department. Ballinger-Pinchot Dispute. Taft dismisses him. Newlands Reclamation Acta U. S. federal law that funded irrigation projects for arid lands in the west. John MuirAmerican naturalist and advocate of preservation of wilderness in the U. S. Hetch Hetchy Valleyresidents of San Fran wanted to use the territory for water. Muir didn’t want it. Construction began after World War I. Panic of 1907Bankers’ panic. New York Stock Exchange fell almost 50%. J. P. Morgan bailed the government out. William H. Taft1909-1913; Dollar Diplomacy, trust buster, Payne Aldrich Tariff, US Steel merger with TN Coal and Iron, Forest Reserve, Mann Elkins Act, 16th and 17th Amendments. Tennessee Coal and Ironmajor steel manufacturer with interests in coal and iron ore mining and railroad operations. Payne Aldrich Tariffbarely reduced tariff ratesRichard BallingerBallinger-Pinchot dispute. Wanted to open up land for mining-wasn’t illegal. New NationalismRoosevelt’s Progressive political philosophy during the 1912 electionProgressive ” Bull Moose” Party1912 by Roosevelt. After a split in the Republican party between him and Taft. Woodrow Wilsonwas the Democratic party nomination and presented New FreedomNew Freedom” triple wall of privilege”-trusts, tariffs, and THE bank; stronger anti-trust legislation. Banking reform, tariff on reductions, ” man on the make” Underwood Simmons Tariffre-imposed the federal income tax and lowered basic tariff rates from 40% to 25%-> Wilson16th Amendmentgraduated income tax-> based on incomeFederal Reserve Actcreated 12 regional banks, each to be owned and controlled by the individual banks of its district. Clayton Anti-trust Actstronger version of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. Made to show an advancement in trying to end trusts. Federal Trade Commissiona regulatory agency that would help businesses determine in advance whether their actions would be acceptable to the gov.-> unfair trade practices. Keating Owen Actprohibited shipment across state lines of goods produced by underage childrenAnthracite Coal Strikestrike by the mine workers. Roosevelt came to the support of the strikers. The strikers received higher pay and fewer hours. 17th Amendmentdirect election of senators as opposed to them being appointed. Wilson Segregates Federal Employeessupported Jim Crow Laws, incredibly racist. Elkins Actamended the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to impose heavy fines on railroads that offered rebates an upon the shippers that accepted them.

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