Neurons communicate viaelectrical and chemical signalsCell membranesemi-permeable, leakier to potassium than to sodium because more positive charges leak out of the cell than leak in making cell more negative ONACTION POTENTIAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder NowSodium Potassium Pump (3)-Helps keep more sodium outside of cell and more potassium inside of cell
-uses 1 ATP to pump out 3 sodium, and pump in 2 potassium
-is actively setting concentration gradient so that inside is more negativePotassium does this when membrane is at restleaving cell, due to leaky channels, making it more negatively charged relative to the outside of the cellSodium does this when membrane is at reststays outside of cell, can’t get in because sodium channels are closed at restRefractory Periodperiod occurs when cell is becoming more negative as potassium channels are open
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