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Abnormal psychology and life: a dimensional approach

depressive disorder (bipolar)depression or mania becomes so severe it interferes with daily functioningmajor depressive episodeperson experiences sad or empty moods most of the day, nearly everyday; involves a period of time, 2 weeks or longer ONABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE: A DIMENSIONAL APPROACH SPECIFICALLY FOR YOUFOR ONLY$13. 90/PAGEOrder Nowmajor depressive disorder (major or unipolar depression)mental disorder often marked by multiple major depressive episodespersistent depressive disorder(dysthymia) a chronic feeling of depression for at least 2 yearsmanic episodeperiod during which highly euphoric or irritablehypomanic episodeperiod during which a person experiences manic symptoms but without significant interference in daily functioningbipolar I disorder(manic-depression) a mental disorder marked by one or more manic episodesbipolar II disordera mental disorder marked by episodes of hypomania that alternate with episodes of major depressioncyclothymic disordermental disorder marked by fluctuating symptoms of hypomania and depression for at least 2 yearssuicidethe act of killing oneselfcognitive distortionsirrational, inaccurate thoughts that people have about environmental eventsnegative cognitive triadcognitive distortions involving the self, world, and the futureautomatic thoughtscognitive distortions of the negative cognitive triad that are constantly repeated and often associated with depressionhopelessness theorytheory of depression that people are more likely to become more depressed if they make global, internal, and stable attribution about negative life eventslearned hopelessnesstheory related to depression that people act in a helpless, passive fashion upon learning their actions have little effect on their overall environmentexpressed emotionfamily interactions characterized by high levels of emotional over-involvement, hostility, and criticismhopelessnessa feeling of despair often related to severe depression and suicidetricyclic antidepressantsan antidepressant medication that affects different neurotransmitter systems and often comes with many side effectsmonoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)an antidepressant drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase, which breaks down neurotransmitters, to increase levels of those neurotransmittersmood-stabilizing drugsmedications used to help people control rapid shifts in moodelectroconvulsive therapyprocedure in which an electrical current is introduced to the brain to produce a seizure to alleviate severe depressionrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationprocedure to treat depressive and bipolar disorders that involves rapidly changing magnetic fields

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