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Opinion Essay, 4 pages (850 words)

The true opinion by plato : a review of gettier’s approach and questionare essay

The  True  Opinion  by  Plato : A  Review  of  Gettier’s  Approach  and  QuestionarePlato  was  born  in  Athens  around  427 BC  and  is  still  highly  regarded  as  one  of  the  earliest  philosophers  of  all  times.  He  was  politically  connected  to  both  the  Oligarchy  and  democracy  and  later  went  on  to  join  his  two  older  brothers  in  becoming  a  student  of  Socrates  after  the  Peloponessian  War  ( Plato’s  life).  A  prominent  figure  in  the  ancient  history  of  Greek  philosophy,  Socrates  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Western  Philosophy  ( Socrates )  and  Plato’s  philosophies  were  somewhat  influenced  by  his  classic  realms  and  approach  to  knowledge. As  a  student  of  Socrates,  Plato  learnt  to  analyze  and  examine  his  own  and  disparate  ideas  and  beliefs  critically,  which  were  complicating  and  antagonizing  in  the  process.  Socrates  adopted  the  motto  of  the  Delphic  Oracle  and  taught  his  students  to  discuss  virtue  every  day  for  he  believed  unexamined  life  is  not  worth  living  ( Plato’s  Life ).

Hence,  his  early  days  with  Socarates  shaped  him  to  become  and  evolve  as  a  philosopher  with  an  analytical  approach  to  creativity  which  is  experienced  throughout  his  works.  Plato’s  definitions  of  true  opinion  and  knowledge  deal  with  the  significant  analysis  of  knowledge  as  “ justified  true  belief”.  A  belief  mentally  assents  to  a  proposition  and  if  its  true,  then  there  are  some  facts  which  make  the  proposition  true;  and  if  it’s  justified,  it  means  that  the  believer  got  some  evidence  or  good  reasons  to  believe  it.  However,  the  discussion  in  his  dialogue,  the  Theaetetus  [ 201 C – 210 B]  rejects  the  following  definition  of  knowledge  ( Knowledge ).

In  the  Plato’s  discussion  the  “ justification”  is  strong  enough  to  live  up  to  the  true  belief  as  knowledge,  it  has  to  be  a  piece  of  knowledge  in  its  preliminary  phase  which  produces  a  circular  definition.  Any  contemporary  account  or  justification  does  not  seem  to  have  been  immune  to  such  an  obstacle  and  disbelieving  his  discussion  leads  to  no  resolution  either. Plato’s  epistemology  disapproves  “ justified  true  belief”  for  he  believes  in  knowledge  that  people  are  born  with  and  are  unaware  of.

Moreover,  it  disagrees  with  its  existence  without  the  correspondence  beliefs.  According  to  Plato’s  discussion  and  theory  of  knowledge  if  the  “ justification  or  account  of  the  reason  why”  is  itself  knowledge  then  true  belief  certainly  turns  out  to  become  knowledge  with  its  addition  which  is  circular.  However,  he  doesn’t  offer  it  as  a  definition.  It  is  put  as  an  explanation  of  why  knowledge  is  prized  higher  than  true  opinion  ( Knowledge ). Plato’s  theory  and  definitions  attracted  many  criticism  of  late.   However,  the  challenges  and  issues  raised  by  Edmund  L.  Gettier,  an  American  Philosopher  and  Professor  Emeritus  at  the  University  of  Massachusetts  at  Amherst,  in  his  article  ‘ justified  true  belief’  implies  more  significance.

Gettier  successfully  provided  several  examples  of  beliefs  which  however,  can  not  be  considered  as  intuitively  call  knowledge.  The  compilation  of  these  question  is  also  called  as“ Gettier’s  Counter  Examples”.  It  is  a  systematic  model  which  has  sprung  up  around  distinguished  counter-examples. The  following  excerpts  provides  a  better  understanding,  “ I  am  watching  the  men’s  Wimbledon  Final  and  John  McEnroe  is   playing  Jimmy  Connors,  it   is  match  point,  and  McEnroe  wins.  I  say  to  myself   “ John  McEnroe  is  this  year’s  men’s  champion  at  Wimbledon”.  Unbeknownst  to    me,  however,  the  BBC  were  experiencing  a  broadcasting  fault  and  so  had  stuck   in  a  tape  of  last  year’s  final,  when  McEnroe  also  beat  Connors.  I  had  been   watching  last  year’s  Wimbledon  final  so  I  believed  that  McEnroe  had  beaten   Connors.

But  at  that  same  time,  in  real  life,  McEnroe  was  repeating  last  year’s   victory  and  beating  Connors!  So  my  belief  that  McEnroe  beat  Connors  to  become   this  year’s  Wimbledon  champion  is  true,  and  I  had  good  reason  to  believe  so  (   my  belief  was  justified )  –  and  yet,  there  is  a  sense  in  which  I   could  not  really   have  claimed  to  ‘ know’  that  McEnroe  had  beaten  Connors  because  I  was  only    accidentally  right  that  McEnroe  beat  Connors  –  my  belief  was  not  based  on  the  right  kind  of  justification  ( Edmund  L. Gettier ).” Besides  attracting  a  contorversial  beginning,  Gettier’s  work  inspired  many  philosophers  and  it  dealt  with  a  working  definition  of  knowledge.

However,  the  responses  did  not  live  up  to  expectation  ( Edmund L. Gettier ).  Gettier’s  Justification  was  too  broad  to  use,  hence,  was  not  counted.  His  examples  have  not  been  considered  as  evidence  only  a  few  of  them  are  justifactory.  Gettier’s  theory  was  void  of  fourthe  condition  such  as  “ no  false  premises”  or  “ indefeasiblity”  ( Edmund  L.  Gettier ).  Therefore,  Gettier  succesfully  brought  the  definiton  of  knowledge  and  true  opinion  done  by  Plato  into  question  which  failed  to  prove  it’s  point.

Moreover,  some  renowned  philosophers  believe  that  Edmund  L.  Gettier’s  problem  or  theory  varies  by  culture  for  a  particular  group in  Western  Countries  appear  more  likely  to  agree  with  him  than  a  large  group  of  East  Asia ( Edmund  L.  Gettier ).;;;;;;;;;;;;; Works  CitedEdmund  L.  Gettier.  Article.  Wikepedia.

July  12,  2010.  May  10,  2010.; http : / / en . wikipedia. org / wiki / Edmund _ Gettier; Knowledge.  Kelly  L.

Ross.  July  12, 2010. 2007.

; http : // www. friesian. Com / knowledg. Htm; Plato’s  Life. July  12,  2010.  1998.  http : // library .

thinkquest. Org / 18775 / plato /     biop. HtmSocrates.  Wikepedia. Article.  July  12, 2010. July  10,  2010.

http : // en. wikipedia. Org          / wiki / Socrates;;;;;;;;;;;;

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