Kenya civil society meetings, and individuals were not

Kenyais a signatory of different human right conventions internationally. One is theInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) where it consistsof certain rights that should be protected by the state since they are asignatory to it which include freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedomagainst torture and many more.

The implementation of this convention to kenya was negatively notimplemented because the government occasionally interpreted laws in such a wayas to restrict freedom of expression. The prohibition on discussion of issuesunder court consideration limited deliberation on a number of political issues, although this restriction was relaxed in September 2009. The governmentmonitored many types of civil society meetings, and individuals were not alwaysallowed to criticize the government publicly. Also the citizens rights wereviolated after the jubilee government rigged in their candidate and purportedthat it was a free and fair election. Anotherconvention is the convention against torture but In 2008 the IMLU received 772cases alleging torture by security officers compared with 397 in 2005 althoughit’s noted that the number of torture cases was likely higher but thegovernment did not investigate alleged cases of torture by security forces thatwere documented by the IMLU and HRW from the Mount Elgon and El Wake securityoperations in 2008. The government denied that security forces engaged intorture and refused to prosecute individuals alleged to have participated intorture during the two operations. Anotherconvention is the convention of the rights of the child, it was also negativelyimplemented because after the 8th august election 2017  the Human Rights Watch confirmed through multiple sources that police killedat least 10 people, including a 6 month old baby, in Kisumu county alone. Inneighboring Siaya county, police fatally shot a protester near the town ofSiaya and beat a 17 year old boy to death in the outskirts of Ugunja, as theypursued crowds of protesters into the villages.

Human Rights Watch found noevidence that protesters were armed or acted in a manner that could justify theuse of such force. Also two young men in their teens from the Nyaori area hadgunshot wounds. A witness said that police came into the homes of the twoteens, Onyango Otieno and Ochieng Gogo, on the morning of August 12th 2007 beatthem, then told them to run away and shot them in the back and took theirbodies away. Kenyais also a signatory to the Convention on the Status of Refugees (CSR) but itwas also negatively implemented because Security concerns, including rape, banditry, and shooting, remained problems at both Dadaab and Kakuma refugeecamps. Health and social workers at the camps reported that due to strong rapeawareness programs, victims increasingly reported such incidents, resulting inimproved access to counseling, particularly in Kakuma refugee camp. Capital FMa local radio station, reported that during the year approximately 300 crimesin Dadaab were reported to UNHCR authorities of which almost two-thirds weregender based crimes including 107 cases of reported sexual violence (rape, attempted rape, sodomy, and defilement).

Fifteen relief agencies followed acode of conduct for humanitarian workers to further reduce incidents of sexualabuse by agency staff in refugee camps. Other security and human rights problemsaffecting refugees included persecution of Muslim converts to Christianitycommunity pressure against opponents of FGM, forced marriage, particularly ofyoung Sudanese and Somali girls and family objections to out of clan marriage. At times these resulted in the kidnapping of spouses and children and domesticabuse.

The UNHCR, Ministry of Internal Security, and the Ministry ofImmigration reached an agreement to increase the police presence at all refugeecamps but the agreement remained unsigned at the end of the year. Kenyais also a signatory on the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on theRights of Women in Africa. Its implementation was negatively implementedbecause we see that during the 2007 election violence in kenya women werebeaten brutally and raped in large numbers. Kenyais also a signatory on the Covenant on Economic, Social and cultural rights. Itwas also implemented negatively where we see that The law provides criminalpenalties for official corruption however, the government did not implementthese laws effectively and officials often engaged in corrupt practices withimpunity. The World Bank’s 2009 Worldwide Governance Indicators reflected thatcontrol of corruption and rule of law were severe problems.

In September areport by the auditor general revealed that a total of 7. 6 billion shillings($95 million) was accounted for within the government’s ministries. The MarsGroup Kenya a local anti corruption NGO teamed up with the KACC during the year to assist in the investigationregarding revenue leakages in government’s budget.

In 2009 the media reportedon three major corruption cases linked to the government one involving oil oneinvolving education and one involving maize. A KACC report exonerated all ofthe alleged participants. No one had been prosecuted in any of these cases bythe end of the year. Kenyaalso is a signatory on Convention on Discrimination Against women which wasevidently violated In 2008 police statistics indicated 627 rapes during theyear, but human rights groups estimated that more than 21, 000 rapes wereconfirmed annually.

The rate of reporting and prosecution of rape remained lowbecause of the police practice requiring that survivors be examined by a policephysician cultural inhibitions against publicly discussing sex survivors’ fearof retribution police reluctance to intervene, especially in case cases wherefamily members or friends were accused of committing the rape, poor training ofprosecutors and the unavailability of doctors who might provide the evidencenecessary for conviction.