Quality Business Essay Examples for Your Learning

Adapting the learning environment for children with disabilities research paper sample

The research found that different disabilities and the degrees of those disabilities require correspondingly different types of adaptations to the learning environment in terms of modifications to classroom layout, lighting and furnishings, to classroom tools, equipment and play items, and in some instances even modifications to the building itself. From that starting point, the article β†’

Business level strategy automobile industry

Business-Level Strategy: Automobile Industry According to the text, business-level strategy is the plan of action that the strategic managers adopt to use a company's resources and distinctive competence to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals in a market or industry. Differential business-level strategy is used for companies in the business industry β†’

Jack daniel market entry strategy

Market Entry Strategy for Jack Daniels to Germany Products Being Exported Consumer: Jack Daniels Old #7 Whiskey Industrial: Jack Daniels signature Whiskey Barrels International Business Policy 490 By: Market Entry Strategy for Jack Daniels to Germany Brown-Foreman Company The Brown-Forman company who is the owner of the Jack Daniels brand β†’

Good essay on primary and secondary cancer prevention strategies

The aim of this intervention is to counter the effects of cancer cells through examining the root cause of the disease that enhances the colorectal cancer. Thus, it is crucial for Korean Americans to be well-educated on the risks of not preventing the growth of cancer cells.

My dream to become an entrepreneur

In my opinion, the United States of America is incomparable, when it's about business education and economic point of view. As a business fanatic, I actively participated in my college and school's BEE club (business, economics, and entrepreneurship). Social service plays an integral part in my life as it has changed the way of how β†’

To open not only inside the country but

Therefore, with the help of the senior high school, by the use of theeducational knowledge and awareness, Philippines' economic status will increaseyear by year. The role ofsenior high school in globalization is growth and because of their knowledge interms of economy, which is the very important in every country becauseresources are part of every growths β†’

Facilitation technique research paper examples

The second step is to modify the process according to the needs of the group. First is to identify a facilitator, a group of about five to nine individuals, and identify the issue being discussed.

Psychometry

My fascination for the human mind and the desire to have a greater understanding on how it works gave me the motivation to pursue, step by step, a broader knowledge on Psychology, bringing me to this decision to apply for a higher degree in the my field of choice. Having an extreme desire and life β†’

Answer the questions

The artwork used in the story is fraught with humor and detail to catch attention of children. The rise of violence in the world has served to challenge the safety and protection of people.

Organization development

However, the organization has to prepare its employees to be ready to absorb the change. Macro There are major problems that the company is facing in its daily operations. Employee training The organization needs to train employees to be ready to accept the change that is ahead of them.

Aspects of direct and organization leadership

It involves creativity, planning, and intuition to help reach desired and set goals. This form of leadership contains aspects of direct and organization leadership but the difference lies in the fact that strategic leadership affects more people commits more resources and have wide-ranging consequences in both space and time. He explains strategically led companies depend β†’

The human experience and communication in movie

They try to find their purpose in life by helping the less fortunate stigmatized groups of people d) Spiritual needs; the brothers try to connect with their creator by being sympathetic to the less fortunate in the hope that they are accomplishing what God created them to do. e) Instrumental; the brothers try to β†’

Gathering performance and gathering accomplishment

With a particular true objective to screen the work or the development, a gathering contains a gathering pioneer and associates. The fundamental piece of a gathering pioneer is to screen the gathering and report in like manner. Since principal portions are constrained to watching out for a specific execution, just the individual level measures of β†’

Total rewards system

At the same time there are some employee who are very hard to be pleased no matter what rewards are given to them. Total Rewards is all of the tools available to the employer that may be used to attract, motivate and retain employees. The companies' realized that they had to include compensation, work-life, benefits, β†’

Employed in well-reputed companies

They do not happen to see the HR professionals on a regular basis, though whenever they do, they talk to them very nicely and tend to remain in the good books of the HR. He said, " Either you do not see the HR professionals too much or you interact too often, but in the β†’

The shift from the concept of personnel management to the concept of human resource management

The Shift from the Concept of Personnel Management to the Concept of Human Resource Management Location Date The Shift from the Concept of Personnel Management to the Concept of Human Resource Management Human resource management and personnel management are two approaches used in managing employees within an organization. It is the duty β†’

Developing leadership challenges and solutions interviewing questions

One thing that really changed the way I look at life is the community is live in.the people here do things differently and that makes it difficult to compare them to the people in the UAE. Children in the U.S.have a lot of freedom and some do not even listen to their parents because of β†’

Slp – 2 recruitment, selection, and retention

RETENTION STRATEGIES IN ORGANIZATIONS RETENTION STRATEGIES IN ORGANIZATIONS One of the strategies that successful organizationsuse to retain employees is to make the retention personal in the sense that the strategies are tailored down to the individual level owing to the fact that employees are different and diverse in nature. Therefore another strategy of retaining employees β†’

The clients specific areas of strength and growth

Coaching a) describe the client's specific areas of strength and specific areas for growth The areas of strength for Joe are the following Experience 2. For the business course, Joe will attend a high profile marketing and management institute. Determine incentives for Attaining Process and the Final Goal At the beginning of the β†’

The employee compensation system

As such, to conduct employer initiated wage and salary surveys, the following crucial steps and factors need to be considered: the appropriate selection of key jobs to be surveyed; a determination of the relevant labor market; selecting organizations to compare current pay structure with; deciding on the β†’

Hr alignment

All the processes involved in change within organizations are very important but when it comes to the implementation of change, a leader needs to be outstanding to successfully put all sides of the change parameters together. This is because even though the leader was not part of the proponents of the change, he had a β†’

Public work and admnistration

According to Jacobson , it is important to match traits and skills because having the right trait may not automatically mean that the person will manage the job. The skills required for the jobs were also common in that they all revolved around the management of human resources. For instance, some of the job β†’

Human resources

The article just simply tries to show someone the importance of integrating the concept of managing human resources, most importantly in the event of expansion of the firm which specifically would include alignment and substantial change in the process. Workday sells cloud-based software for human resources and financial programs and is seeking to follow the β†’

Diversity training manual: part iv

Religious practices that could easily be accommodated by management incorporate: Dressing, some of your staff who may wish to dress in a traditional way for reasons related to religion or belief e.g.sari for the Hindu. They should be allowed to practice their beliefs without interference and their meals should be prepared and stored differently from β†’

How to pass an employment test

If you have ever applied for a job and been asked to take an employment test, you understand that many companies utilize these tests as a way to separate a large amount of applicants so that only the best candidates are chosen for the interview process. These tests are designed to test your answers to β†’

Work ethics

2) The upper middle class benefits the most from the work ethics produced by their organization. It should be considered to ensure that no employee is disrespected because of their position at the job.

Identify time management techniques

In addition, one needs to incorporate a motivational factors within the goal setting activity that would enable the generation of a rewards for fulfilling or accomplishing the goals that were set within the identified time frame. One affirms that by looking forward to availing of a benefit or reward, the achievement of goals are facilitated β†’

Human services: concepts and intervention strategies

In the corporate world, the profession of human services seeks to improve human service delivery by making easier accessibility, coordination, and accountability as well as the quality of direct services among agencies in the service delivery sector. 2.0. Conclusion. Human services are a crucial need in society to meet the demands of the weak, elderly, β†’

Human resources and nations trust bank

According to the annual report of Nations Trust Bank 2009, the human capital has grown up to 1532, because the prospect of business expansion in Sri Lanka's North and East. Human resource department of Nations Trust Bank has to play significant role to give ideal leadership and guidance each and every individuals β†’

Cognitive biases

Cognitive biases affect the quality of decision making by making the decisions compliant to the biases and instincts which may or may not be true." The way an organization chooses and obtains from its environment the inputs it needs to produce goods and services determines how much value the organization creates at the input stage". β†’

Coordinator administration services – resume/cv example

Coordinator Administration Services Ahmad Majid Al-Shamsi T +97150-8462222 [email protected] Objective I am looking for a mid-level position that allows me to utilize and build on my current experience in the filed of human resources. I am keenly interested in pursuing a career that allows me to grow and diversify my area β†’

My impression from fair em performance

The casting was not always perfect, such as Frances not being as tan as Blanche is said to be, but the students played their part as well as could be expected of any actors. Olivia Boyd, playing Em, represented her exactly as I had imagined: funny, overdramatic, and pure; but Manville, played by Gabriel Eisen, β†’

Managing human resources essay sample

Answer: Using figure 2-5 on page 52 Cal must compute the total employees hours lost due to absenteeism for the period. Next Cal must compute the compensation lost to an absent employee by taking the above answer of 3 and multiplying it by 1.

Discussion #1 aps 210

Before establishing the security enhancements for the places of worship, it is important to notify the parishioners and the surrounding community of the intended changes of the intended changes and their purposes. Faith based organization facilities also receive protection on a much smaller scale in terms of monetary investments and level of expertise than the β†’

Week two learning team reflection

Harassment issues are a common problem and that is why law a law has been implemented. Waldo did not keep quiet about her harassment by the employer. Waldo took the company to the court to claim her rightful place in the society and to punish the company for its wrongful behavior in order to ensure β†’

Qatar airways swot analyses

Page SWOT Analysis: Qatar Airways Positive Negative Internal Strengths: It links more than 120 destinations from its base. Winner of several prestigious awards over the last three year. Offers highest levels of service excellence. It is ranked " Five Star" by the independent aviation monitoring agency " Skytrax". It flies to 120 destinations β†’

Nostalgia super stock

The class popularity evolved into a classification of drag racing involving hundreds of drivers and cars competing in Championships and Grand Drag Racing events. There are different series, events, and clubs, running Nostalgia Super Stock the rules applied were developed by representatives from clubs of NSS events. The largest annual drag racing event is named β†’

Organization development

It is a planned process aimed at developing organizations to be more effective and efficient in accomplishing their desired goals. Characteristics of OD Encourages heartfelt collaboration between internal and external stakeholders They are long-term efforts Emphasizes on the value of small groups and teamwork in implementing broad organizational changes Focuses β†’

Human resources and leadership ability

The lack of influence over the lead group will be an obstacle towards exploiting the capacity of the group towards the output. A poor level of leadership ability, therefore, implies poor effectiveness into the lower output of an organization while an effective leadership influences group members into high group effectiveness.. Leadership ability is, therefore, a β†’

Forecasting demand for human resources

Strategic human resources management means accepting the HRM function as a strategic partner in both formulation of the organization's strategies and implementation of those strategies through HRM activities such as recruiting, selecting, training, and rewarding personnel. As companies venture in globalenvironmentin the Information Age, organizations like McDonald's try to achieve competitive advantages for each business β†’

A strategy for human relations

The change has been from management based on classical theories to that based on humanistic theories, of which the human relations approach is one of the most important. It is imperative that the concept of human relations and the theory it is being based on are understood well before a strategy can be developed.

Outsourcing training v. developing the training

Go to your assigned team area and work with your team to generate one or two questions that could be used to facilitate a group or classroom discussion. Why is it important for trainers and trainees to establish rapport with each other before a training session? Training is grounded on effective communication and it would β†’

Benefit administration method

This is due to the fact that quantitative research is established on a deductive methodology that places an emphasis on a comprehensive planning before carrying out data collection or data analysis. To repeat, in undertaking this research, we aim at not only understanding the concept of benefit administration, but how it influences the overall employee β†’

Analysis

Labor Mobility as A Program As a Problem Affecting Hr Department Training Design Designing a training program is a critical undertaking that requires clear objectives that determine what is achievable by the end of the training and what the students are expected to acquire concerning labor mobility within an organization. Besides, labor-mobility training program should β†’

Company policy on employment

It should be noted by all employees that any violation will provide the right of recourse through, formal, informal, or legal means on the part of the disabled employee. The copy of this policy will be displayed in an accessible location in all departments.

Global employment or job industry

The wealth that is attributable to businesses and nations is dependent on the skills and knowledge of the people. The aspect of competencies is not a new concept. Skills, knowledge and attitudes could be used in the description of the characteristics of the people that are working.

Change the formula

Safety/risk of the service Question 2: In regards to the practice of total quality management and improving organization-wide performance, explain the importance and relationship of the value chain, quality, and satisfied customers. In other words, be thorough and offer a " scholarly" response and not just your opinion. Selected Answer: With reference to excellence, β†’

Service employees international union in afl-cio

Having polls via telephones to the prior information of the unregistered workforce and convince them towards the goals of the unions. A union is termed to be the beneficiary of the weak and poor working class of an organization.

The north texas cotton cooperative

However, in the case of AirTex and the take over of Frank and Ted, a new control system is necessary because the latter seemed to have great expectations not just on the entire company but to be specific this included the management and control system. In this regard, it is important to consider the management β†’

Ip1 diversity in the workforce

1 Current statistics Current population projections indicate a change in the future demographic profile of the United States. The elderly group made of people above the age of 65 makes up 12% of the total population of the United States. 1.

Development planning in nursing

The confidence gained will pave way for me to expand my professional network in the second year. Thus, I will enroll for a part-time postgraduate diploma course specializing in adult nursing which will take me two years, up to the third year of my development plan.

Jet packs raise safety worries

They have also not received any reports of serious injuries to riders. Relation of Article to Human Resource Management Evidently, state authorities in areas that the devices are in operation should conduct their own reviews to solve the issue. This article is related to human resource management in the sense that authorities need to β†’

Answers

Job analysis The questions that would be relevant in job analysis would include; why does the particular job exist? Specifies the general duties of the employee.

Create a job selection matrix

The ranking may range from 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest. The figure below gives an example of a job selection matrix. Date: Position Title: Selection Criteria a. Jane Doe 4 2 3 2 3 The selection criteria may however vary with respect to the job β†’

Training as an inevitable part of industrial operation

Although his new idea of computer-based training seems useful, it has to be implemented only after a thorough evaluation of the real cause of students' indifferent attitude to training. Initially, Bob must stop deciding and conducting the whole training program by himself. He must identify further areas where the students require training.

Customer service in the leisure industry essay sample

The problem with the hygiene is a fair point that the duty manager made about the cleaner not turning up but I have had a word with him and informed him that some one should of cleaned them and that you should never blame some one else. Regarding the incident in the cafeteria as β†’

Purpose to discover what it is like to be a bartender essay example

It is ultimately the bartender's responsibility to deal with the situation, but Eduardo believes the best thing to do is to ask friends to help, since people usually come to the bar with friends. He says the opportunity to meet new people is the best part of his job.

Good mattei v. hopper essay example

Defendant failed to tender the deed and the plaintiff sued the defendant for damages resulting from the contract breach. Issue The issue in the following case is whether the satisfaction clause contained in the deposit receipt is an illusory promise which results in the lack of mutual obligation thus making the contract unenforceable. Rule β†’

Why to use friendly websites and electronic communication provide better customer term paper sample

In the fast paced world of technology, one wants to get the information as quickly as possible, and this all could be approached by electronic communication strategies used widely throughout in building customer service relationships. Analysis Similarly, web based customer service and electronic communications are key assets to reach up to the best quality β†’

Home depot analysis essay sample

In 2007, the leadership team at The Home Depot predicted the harder times to come. 76 in 2009. A new revamped website, improvements with in-store communications, and the number of associates on the floor are three of examples of the Home Depot's strategy of increasing customer focus.

Example of admission essay on the college challenge; ~ an advertising campaign for a major fashion brand. consider

ADMISSION ESSAY Megan Fox was selected as the model for the Fall/Winter 2010/2011 collection of Emporio Armani Underwear , as well as for the Spring/Summer collection of Emporio Armani Women's Underwear and Armani Jeans in 2010 (Anon., Megan Fox: Armani Underwear Ads: Revealed, 2010). In addition, by having the photographs in black β†’

Jetblue business culture

Caring, this means understanding and respecting its customers.* Fun, JetBlue hires, trains and rewards its crewmembers to share and protect its vision, it guarantees that its employees are enjoying their jobs so the customers enjoy their JetBlue experience.* Passion, it is the key which makes their products and services the best in the industry. We β†’

Example of essay on emerging technology: mobile payments

This technology of mobile payments is very risky if the people using it lack enough education and experience on mobiles. Historical and sociological effects on mobile payments are mostly not covered, neither are they known deeply by both mobile operators and banking institutions. The current technology makes covering money complex and time consuming, as there β†’

Freelance writing as a career option essay sample

The business of writing is very dynamic, but then, through intensive and consistent research, writing will come easy. The internet also plays an integral part in a writing career. Travis further adds that key lessons in having a fulfilling career as a writer include ensuring that one is adept in the use of writing tools, β†’

Nursing: ltc 450 nursing home administration essay

For example, when applying the concept to the USA, bank loans bad debt loan repayments not received after 90 are considered fist past due then classification " problem loans.' Once this continues and the customer does not pay the amount at all it is written off as bad debt in the profit and loss account. β†’

Micro and macro environment factors essay sample

By selling the goods to the customers organisations makes a profit, that's why Dynamic Ltd have to concentrate on satisfying their customers needs and wants. Macro environment The macro environment consists of constituents that are beyond of the business organisation. For example if there would be high unemployment in the country Dynamic Ltd β†’

Gmo (business ethics) essay examples

GM food labeling or specific indication of bioengineering in the food and its ingredients can help consumers make the choice of consuming it or not. While Japan, EU and Australia have adopted mandatory GM labeling, US and Canada have chosen to implement only voluntary labeling. Voluntary vs Mandatory GM labeling According to FDA's draft β†’

Contract law online essay

Contract Law: An Introduction to the English Law of Contract for the Civil Lawyer. The Law of Contract, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lawrence, A..

Strategic goals and management plan for harrah’s hotel & casino essay sample

Our mission statement is to provide the best service to our shareholders, customers, and employees by building the reputation needed to be the leading casino in Las Vegas. Our vision. Our vision for Harrah's is to be the most recognized casino on the Las Vegas strip. We want to give our customers the β†’

Essay on healthcare technologies: new trends and scopes

This paper will discuss the potentiality of the proposals made by Google, Apple, and Samsung by evaluating how consumer health technologies could enhance patients' understanding of their health condition, improve patient outcomes, and limit the overall health costs. In addition, the application of technology as a whole can enhance patient β†’

What do you understand by the term marketing environment? essay sample

The micro environment consists of those factors close to the organisation and the macro consists of those common to society as a whole. These factors all affect the company itself, to avoid any problems and possibly increase profit, a company needs to be proactive in order to keep up with these environmental changes. When β†’

Free diagram business process exercise essay example

Modifications can be made to suit the specific needs in terms of the customer and commodity inflow and outflow. The RFID foe a grocery business has to merge all the activities into a single motion that can be monitored. The following is an illustration of the business activities using a diagram. The implementation and installation β†’

Free shopping malls and why people love them research paper example

People love malls because they save on their time, energy and expense since they can fulfill all their need for goods and services at the same place. Malls have also played a crucial role in cultural exchange because malls they enable people from different cultural backgrounds to meet and interact. Food is also readily available β†’

Example of impact of social media on business essay

The impacts of social media will be deliberated herein as well as elucidating on how social media send the positive or negative to business. There are various ways that social media impact on a business. That implies that the business will be in a position to improve the aspects of β†’

Example of essay on the parallel existence of public and private insurance sectors and their advantages

Countries like the USA, UK, Germany and Canada have government funded public insurance programs such as the MEDICAID, TRICARE, CHAMPVA in the USA, NHS in the UK, GKV in Germany and a publicly funded health care system in Canada. There is a parallel existence of private health insurance providers even in countries where there is β†’

The growth of online shopping has greatly improved live for the customer essay sample

One of the main arguments in favour of online shopping is the fact that they are convenient and time-saving. While buying with the use of the Internet, not only have we access to the wide number of domestic and foreign products, but also we do not have to leave our houses.

Health risks of make-up research paper

MSDS warns that contact of the chemical with the skin can lead to kidney and brain abnormalities. The protein found in the product has also been found to cause inflammation to the skin. Fragrance chemicals Most makeup manufactures add these chemicals to their products.

ο»Ώorganizational management essay sample

During this merger the Utah Symphony had many weaknesses that were identified within the organization. While the organization can put focus on the increase in their fundraising, the administrators at the Symphony also need to look at a renegotiation of the collective bargaining agreement that was in place for the organizations musicians. In the β†’

Essay on the business environment and its role in the economy

However, although the factors of capital and unskilled labor are sources of competitive advantage in an economy characterized by large scale production, an entrepreneurial economy based upon the production of knowledge and capacity to engage in and generate entrepreneurial activity depends upon the small businesses. Businesses are an important component β†’

Sample essay on recommendation

The recommendation is based on the evidence that WLAN provide an easier and more efficient way of running functions smoothly, especially in comparison to wired network. Background and introduction It is important to know what is wireless network and how does it function differently from a wired network and most importantly, how can businesses β†’

Free case study on mkt301

I am not loyal to any brand and I can buy any type of underwear. A consumer goes through five stages before deciding to purchase a product, including need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase of the product, and post-purchase evaluation. In the case of low involvement purchase, I identified the need for new β†’

Problems with ikea essay sample

Our analysis of key problems, recommendations and their limitations are summarised in the following document. HEADING Key problem #1: IKEA suffers from a lack of innovation and faces the possibility of offering a very similar product base. This will promote diversity, infusion of new ideas and ensure the richness of the culture.

Finance essays examples

This differential amount is known as accrued interests and is payable by the buyer of bond. Clean Price: Clean Price is the price of the coupon bond which the buyer of the bond has to pay excluding any accrued interest amount. Dirty Price: Dirty Price is the price of the coupon bond which β†’

Difference between cash balance and profit reports example

The reason is that a net profit takes into account all the cash and non-cash activities while cash flow only considers the inflow and outflow of cash from the business. A cash budget helps maintain the cash flow of the business. The net cash flow shows the financial stability of the business and the net β†’

Economics case study

This is the whole accumulation of the market value of all of the services as well as the goods produced in a country during a specific period. Therefore, consumption is a factor of the GDP, which put together with other functions in the large scale such as government spending and β†’

Six sigma project for house of tea business plans examples

Specifically, the root of their problem lies in the following: - The ambiance of the store is not appealing; hence, it fails to attract many customers. - The ambiance of the store is not cozy. During the rare times that it is able to attract a few customers, it still fails to make them stay for a β†’

On-line purchasing research paper examples

However, this is not the case and several factors have contributed into a decrease in on-line purchasing methods by consumers. First, most people believe that cases of fraud and theft of credit cards comes from online shopping. Lack of confidence on the sites that suppliers use for online shopping has decreased consumers' use of online β†’

Coconut telegraph essay sample

And the Scope and Scope exception is in ASC 985-605-15 (The Scope in 985-605-15-13 and Scope exception 986-605-15-14) In accordance in ASC 985-605-15-3, " The guidance in this Subtopic applied to the following transactions and activities: a. The software and software-related elements of arrangements that include software that is more-than-incidental to the products or services β†’

Summary of alligator bayou essay sample

Alot of the characters in the book are historical figures, but Napoli added another character to the book, Calogero. But when one of his cousins goats is set free and keeps going to the towns medic house and congregating on his patio.

Camp bow wow/home buddies

Ultimately by taking good care of the dogs and providing the kind of customer service that consumers want I would hope to make the maximum amount of money possible from the franchise. Is there any competition in the area I would open the franchise?

Restaurant segment research paper

In order to meet the needs of all consumers, the restaurant industry distinguishes their customers according to their tastes, quality, quantity and price of their products. This segment is entitled to offer quick services to their consumers. Fast casual restaurant are at an advantage of targeting high and middle class consumers for the casual dining β†’

Good example of economics research paper

Macro-Economics About the report: The report is based on the calculation of GDP for the Republic of China for the year 2001-2011. Although, the calculation of GDP is a complex task which is handled by the statistical and economic bodies of the Government, we will use the most common method of calculation of β†’

Good online shopping research literature review example

While those in favor of online shopping talk of convenience, choice, price savings and the ability to compare goods across multiple retailers, those opposed highlight the key thing lacking in online purchase, viz.the look and feel of the product, the touch and feel factor. Some of these factors are: Social The acceptance and adoption β†’

Example of essay on enterprise transformation

We also plan to identify a value stream that defines all the actions necessary to bring the product to our customers. This we plan to achieve through the adoption of improved technology in our production process. We plan to highly automate the manufacturing process so that little labor is employed.

Good example of critical thinking on testing knowledge and comprehension of the assigned readings

They also considered the eyesight by giving optimizing the font size to accommodate the users. In regards to the principle of consistency, the architecture and design of a facebook page comply with the set standards. The major aspect is the ability to personalize the customer interaction and at the same time trying to moderate the β†’

Xpresso lube essay sample

How are the distinctive characteristics of a service operation illustrated by Xpresso Lube? * Customer Participation in the Service Process: Customers bring their car to Xpresso Lube and wait for the oil change. Characterize Xpresso Lube in regard to nature of the service act, relationship with customers, customization and judgment, nature of demand and supply, β†’